P_010.~慢慢悠悠~使用Python的Scrapy框架成功爬取豆瓣电影的全部信息

写在前面的话：

 Java程序员一枚，初入大数据神坑，爬虫算是第一个项目，项目细节无需赘述，几经挣扎最终决定放弃Java爬虫，使用Python来

写爬虫，Python爬虫当然绕不过去Scrapy神来之笔的框架！

 环境搭建及安装各种工具包，相信每一位和我一样的初次入坑的小伙伴们都必需经历，痛并快乐着，最终放弃2.7版本，选择3.5版

本，毕竟掌握新技术总是能给人带来成就感！

 听着豆瓣音乐，看着慢悠悠爬虫爬着豆瓣电影数据，没有冲动，忘却欢喜，只是一种放松，一种技术人的全身心彻底放松！

看图看真相：

关于IP代理池：

听说豆瓣封ip，所以第一时间就在找了porxyPool相关项目，一共尝试了两种方法。

第一种；是去国内高匿代理网站爬去免费代理，生成一个 proxy_list.json 然后将这个文件拷贝到自己项目根目录下，每次Request的时候从json文件中随机取一个IP，思路很好，但是免费的代理靠得住吗？看懂了代码，放弃了自我！前前后后折腾一上午，无疾而终！

第二中：与第一种类似，gitHub上小有名气的项目ProxyPool-master，依然是去各大免费网站爬取免费代理，然后存储到Redis，最后发布出来，在本地浏览器访问http://127.0.0.1:5000/random就会获取到一个代理，值得学习的是每个代理在入库的时候score是10分，异步测试成功变成100分，失败就从10开始自减，到0分的时候就从库中移除，但是依然摆脱不了免费代理的厄运，最终还是放弃了！

慢悠悠爬虫：

项目结构及目录

settings.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for douban project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = 'douban'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['douban.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'douban.spiders'


# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
#USER_AGENT = 'douban (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 20

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 5
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'douban.middlewares.DoubanSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'douban.middlewares.MyCustomDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/exte