Nginx安装和配置

Linux下安装配置Nginx

安装编译工具和库文件

yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool  openssl openssl-devel

nginx下载地址：nginx: download

安装 PCRE

PCRE 作用是让 Nginx 支持 Rewrite 功能。

#先解压
tar -zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz
#进入解压后文件
cd pcre-8.35
#编译安装
./configure
make && make install
#查看安装版本
pcre-config --version

安装Nginx

#解压
tar -zxvf nginx-1.20.0.tar.gz
#进入解压的文件夹
cd nginx-1.20.0
#编译安装
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.35
#--prefix=安装路径
#--with-http_stub_status_module     ###客户端模块
#--with-http_ssl_module        ###ssl模块
#--with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.35     ###pcre的路径
make
make install

编译命令执行成功后，在指定的编译路径（/usr/local/webserver/nginx）下，会有makefile文件

安装成功后，会生成sbin等文件夹

nginx.conf配置说明

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1; #工作进程：数目。根据硬件调整，通常等于cpu数量或者2倍cpu数量。

#错误日志存放路径
#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid; # nginx进程pid存放路径

events {
    worker_connections  1024; # 工作进程的最大连接数量
}


http {
    include       mime.types; #指定mime类型，由mime.type来定义
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    # 日志格式设置
    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
     
    #access_log  logs/access.log  main; #用log_format指令设置日志格式后，需要用access_log来指定日志文件存放路径
    				
    sendfile        on; #指定nginx是否调用sendfile函数来输出文件，对于普通应用，必须设置on。如果用来进行下载等应用磁盘io重负载应用，可设着off，以平衡磁盘与网络io处理速度，降低系统uptime。
    #tcp_nopush     on; #此选项允许或禁止使用socket的TCP_CORK的选项，此选项仅在sendfile的时候使用
 
    #keepalive_timeout  0;  #keepalive超时时间
    keepalive_timeout  65;
     
    #gzip  on; #开启gzip压缩服务
     
    #虚拟主机
########################################################################
    server {
        listen       80;  #配置监听端口号
        server_name  localhost; #配置访问域名，域名可以有多个，用空格隔开
     
        #charset koi8-r; #字符集设置
     
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
     
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
                   }
        #错误跳转页
        #error_page  404              /404.html; 
     
        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
                             }
           }
#########################################################################   

当确认nginx启用ssl模块后

创建cert文件夹后

修改server部分

 # HTTPS server
    #启用了ssl模块后使用
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;  #监听端口
    #    server_name  localhost; #域名
     
    #    ssl_certificate      cert/cert.cer; #证书位置
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert/cert.key; #私钥位置
     
    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;   #缓存有效期
    #    ssl_protocols   TLSv1.2;     #安全链接可选的加密协议
    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; #密码加密方式
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on; #使用服务器端的首选算法

Nginx启停

启动服务：./nginx
退出服务：./nginx -s quit
强制关闭服务：./nginx -s stop
重载服务：./nginx -s reload　（重载服务配置文件，类似于重启，但服务不会中止）
验证配置文件：./nginx -t
指定配置文件：./nginx -c "配置文件路径"
查看nginx使用了哪些模块：./nginx -V

http自动跳转https

#自动跳转到 HTTPS
if ($server_port = 80) {
rewrite ^(.*)$ https://$host$1 permanent;
}
location / {
root /home/sslcity/;
index index.php;
}

一般nginx配置

# For more information on configuration, see:

#   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/

#   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

 

user nginx;

worker_processes auto;

error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;

pid /run/nginx.pid;

 

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.

include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

 

events {

    worker_connections 1024;

}

 

http {

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

 

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

 

    sendfile            on;

    tcp_nopush          on;

    tcp_nodelay         on;

    keepalive_timeout   65;

    types_hash_max_size 2048;

 

    gzip on;

    gzip_static on;

    gzip_min_length 1024;

    gzip_buffers 4 16k;

    gzip_comp_level 2;

    gzip_types text/plain application/javascript application/x-javascript text/css application/xml text/javascript   application/x-httpd-php application/vnd.ms-fontobject font/ttf font/opentype font/x-woff image/svg+xml;

    gzip_vary off;

    gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";

 

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;

    default_type        application/octet-stream;

 

    # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.

    # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include

    # for more information.

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

 
#http设置###########################################################################
    server {

       listen       80 default_server;

        listen       [::]:80 default_server;

        server_name  _;

        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

 

        # Load configuration files for the default server block.

        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;



        location / {

                    }

 

        error_page 404 /404.html;

            location = /40x.html {

                                 }

 

        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

            location = /50x.html {

                                 }

           }
########################################################################
 
#https设置########################################################################
    server {

         listen 443;

         server_name mp.hanxing.store;

         ssl on;

         index index.html index.htm;

         ssl_certificate   cert/cert_mp.hanxing.store.crt;

         ssl_certificate_key  cert/cert_mp.hanxing.store.key;

         ssl_session_timeout 5m;

         ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;

         ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;

         ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

         location / {

            root   /public/sell/app/dist;

            index  index.php index.html index.htm;

                     }

         location /sell {

             proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

             proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

             proxy_set_header   Host      $http_host;

             proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;

             proxy_pass         http://127.0.0.1:8080;

             proxy_redirect off;

                          }

         error_page 404 /404.html;

              location = /40x.html {

                                   }

         error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

            location = /50x.html {

                                 }

           }
########################################################################
}

升级nginx过程

tar -zxvf nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz  -C /usr/local/   解压安装包
cd /usr/local/nginx-1.14.2                          
pkill -9 nginx                                杀死nginx进程
ps -ef|grep nginx
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx         配置configure
make                                          编译
cd ../nginx/sbin/                             进入旧的nginx文件夹
mv nginx nginx-old                            备份旧的nginx
cd ../../nginx-1.14.2/objs/
mv nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/               拷贝新的nginx
cd nginx/sbin/
./nginx -v                                    查看nginx版本
./nginx -t                                    查看配置文件是否正确
rm -rf /usr/local/nginx-1.14.2/               删除更新文件                                
./nginx                                       启动nginx