CentOS7服务配置：DHCP

DHCP安装

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y dhcp

DHCP配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
# DHCP server to understand the network topology.

subnet 10.152.187.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
}
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {  
}  //本地网段

DHCP启动

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable dhcpd    //设置开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start dhcpd    //dhcp启动时一定要有一个作用域与本地网段相符
[root@localhost ~]# lsof -i :67
COMMAND  PID   USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
dnsmasq 1705 nobody    3u  IPv4  31020      0t0  UDP *:bootps 
dhcpd   3553  dhcpd    7u  IPv4  53311      0t0  UDP *:bootps

DHCP作用域

subnet 定义一个作用域

netmask 定义作用域的掩码

range 允许发放的IP范围

option routers 指定网关地址

option domain-name-servers 指定DNS服务器地址

option broadcast-address 广播地址

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
        range 192.168.1.10 192.168.1.50;
        option routers 192.168.1.254;
        option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;
}

DHCP保留域

host 为指令

fanstasia 是个名字，随便起

hardware ethernet 指定客户机以太网网卡的MAC地址

fixed-address 指定要绑定的IP地址

option host-name 指定客户机的主机名（需要再客户机上 清空/etc/hostname文件的内容）

host fantasia {
    hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:8e:ea:62;
    fixed-address 192.168.11.250;
    option host-name "testname";
}

查看租约

租约路径：/var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases

lease 192.168.1.11 {
  starts 4 2023/05/04 11:00:55;
  ends 4 2023/05/04 23:00:55;
  tstp 4 2023/05/04 23:00:55;
  cltt 4 2023/05/04 11:00:55;
  binding state active;
  next binding state free;
  rewind binding state free;
  hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:a6:65:2a;
}

DHCP超级作用域

将两个或两个以上的不同网段的作用域合成一个作用域

shared-network 开启一个超级作用域

shared-network suppernet {
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
        range 192.168.1.10 192.168.1.10;
        option routers 192.168.1.254;
        option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;
}
subnet 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
        range 192.168.2.10 192.168.2.10;
        option routers 192.168.2.254;
        option broadcast-address 192.168.2.255;
}
}