python解码bash64报错：binascii.Error: Invalid base64-encoded string: number of data characters (7121) can

报错信息

binascii.Error: Invalid base64-encoded string: number of data characters (7121) cannot be 1 more than a multiple of 4

产生过程

base64Test.py

import base64

# Base64编码的字符串
b64_str = "\u0000tf/\u0000w\u0000EAAYEBQYFBAYGBQYHBwYIChAKCgkJChQODwwQFxQYGBcUFhYaHSUfGhsjHBYWICwgIyYnKSopGR8tMC0oMCUoKSgBBwcHCggKEwoKEygaFhooKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoK\u00007AABEIA\u0000cAmwMBIgACEQEDEQD/\u0000ACiAAABBQEBAQEBAQAAAAAAAAAAAQIDBAUGBwgJCgsQAAIBAwMCBAMFBQQEAAABfQECAwAEEQUSITFBBhNRYQcicRQydJChCCNC\u0000MEVUdDwJDNicYIJChYXGBkaJSYnKCkqNDU2Nzg5OkNERUZHSElKU1RVVldYWVpjZGVmZ2hpanN0dXZ3eHl6doOFiYaIsImSlpOVaZaYyJmiiqOlmaaoeKmy\u0000rO1\u0000ba4\u0000LnC\u0000sPF\u0000cbI\u0000MnS\u0000tPV\u0000dbY\u0000NnhUeLk\u0000OXn\u0000\u0000jq\u0000PHz\u0000\u0000T2\u0000vf5\u0000gEAAwEBAQEBAQEBAQAAAAAAAAECAwQFBgcICQoLEQACAQIEBAMEBwUEBAABAncAAQIDEQQFITEGEkFRB2FxEyIydQgUQZCh\u0000MEJIzNS\u0000BVicdEKFiQ0USTxFxgZGiYnKCkqNTY3ODk6Q0RFRkdISUpTVFVWV1hZWmNkZWZnaGlqc3R1dnd4eXmCdoOFiYaIsImSlpOVaZaYyJmiiqOlmaaoeKmy\u0000rO1\u0000ba4\u0000LnC\u0000sPF\u0000cbI\u0000MnS\u0000tPV\u0000dbY\u0000NniUuPl\u0000ebo\u0000Ony\u0000vP1\u0000fb4\u0000Pn/\u0000gAMAwEAAhEDEQA/A\u0000aF\u0000\u0000XV\u0000vqiyiQnJRgcdS\u0000XHqJ4XheK\u0000\u0000r3Uc3EZuvNKSqc\u0000wAWTz9K\u0000MzMC\u0000st\u0000jRB\u0000CgACdY0\u0000pdi\u0000r4Ubmu3\u0000VKdIJMlUkcn\u0000wuaTzA3cVC5\u0000NRSGIV3UMsWfzHRDJujis\u0000Ff0FV\u0000L2xajX5\u0000N9EO\u0000OL\u0000M\u00006\u0000q2MLmj+W\u0000VpcDf2\u0000lb/AU6IZ\u0000WT\u0000rJ0P0NZOZDr\u0000\u0000QfSfQ5bWKZCceBdPSuf1LRAasYUyg/itBU\u0000SW1KUfz\u0000RtJ\u0000\u0000LWTaP2lVzIT\u0000dvPnug\u0000t4gHk6x\u0000a5/GuqkObHZLlsg\u0000EP1\u0000nljVG4sdbEoMuhqa\u0000A6TAelck4C\u0000xlz\u0000QvXH\u0000FmR\u0000tmdPFfs\u0000r+YjCi\u0000glrG\u0000b+O0w6\u0000b1yUEqtX\u0000\u0000u\u0000\u00005YHvbIFJ8v\u0000iyl\u0000\u0000iKeC\u0000MZJ5YWVce\u0000UnxTxz4\u0000edSTkh0\u00002t7EsHsO1vj\u0000mpsSOp6\u0000o4t\u0000DcNQsR3UkoGf\u0000Fy\u0000\u00006h\u0000nJ/sXpN\u0000pMkNpGT\u0000ek5\u0000udeH\u0000IxbMPk\u0000iatKcvd\u0000QB7\u0000ZjifQH5df3u\u0000kXgBwAT\u0000UneW3gkGuBY\u0000fZl\u0000K6aR\u0000zGGwRXaOEvGNzppUk8pyy5PzJni\u0000WgD2aNFXhQBxyWaHiD\u0000Egeiba8IWTh\u0000xHp\u0000TyV\u0000POSYy8aFFx/Uqbe\u0000qLwVYoLFotSaI7xNNMuPwTAieI4IjJGcgjv\u0000ZebFG07cjqRXZMPiPR0\u0000\u00003NakA7\u0000XMh\u0000w\u0000ZecHoel7KV0\u0000z\u0000DozKG7mK\u0000oD\u0000OWS\u0000V9r\u0000RI3eWANRudbfs7UfvbY\u00002y3\u0000I4fyh0q\u0000jJ4\u0000SJRUvkv\u0000wA+E\u00008A\u0000wtF\u0000BvMlviffuX6\u00001\u00009ixIADx2VW\u0000jHWa3P\u00002Qa\u0000kezeWQMNyipVmcD\u0000Gsi\u0000mK3\u0000Vjz\u00000mmBYx3WDhhVZHhGr1ieJzp\u0000ydKQzdV\u0000owc\u0000ofODXE+IPEE\u0000mnBBJosazKT\u0000o7cUNPVpTJ7\u0000y7P\u0000\u0000qWSQ9lbCGPi\u0000P1A2NS\u0000xJs\u0000QGq\u0000ySHQGm2d3pt\u00000yr\u0000\u0000e/\u0000A5w\u0000fep\u0000XUTKfukMeatYnxIySx8IqfqeTOwT20e\u0000XhbYxL9\u0000\u0000RUSjoJTl7x\u0000saDVbxtE0mT\u0000Q3Z\u0000k3AU3qP\u0000V4LdeO5\u0000WrfTmSZ\u0000GYk\u0000Mj6\u0000jTAJLNc\u0000dNBbEFJU0WBeCqDUCI1Ua1b\u0000gfNViGlsqUCPTLhRo0m\u0000\u0000W4iwJLWX5WTj9M\u0000tEv\u0000QDZdIdFbIRkP\u0000dBSPwCyffe\u0000kyOHzgr\u0000Xrndu6F\u0000w\u0000HbKWVy\u00005IL\u0000zJ\u0000YCep\u000049\u0000Q8x\u0000LZR\u0000qM7\u0000n70GaEvpjT3lGuPTo09BAvf\u0000KsB\u0000lAG\u0000RNvmnim\u0000MwEDEmf\u0000t\u0000i\u0000G8fGHeApHyyK\u0000b7Ncif\u0000FJ/\u0000lqv\u0000w\u0000QSH7gPH7hWCnR\u0000wVQ\u0000k9BGZX+V\u00008AL\u00008A\u0000wqv\u0000vHfUUSA\u0000Ur7\u00000ioD\u0000gDN\u0000V8TFagXMt2\u0000IJq\u0000HnOVsCrCf8AL1oA\u0000OZSGSmhfmhpM\u0000PRYDBulK38YyjJIht1XHoSa1iE\u0000c8N\u0000GxERHv4\u0000\u0000v9EXv9W1O4P\u0000FxHn2C\u0000j0+\u0000\u0000lZpqUJAX4YaRFWJ\u0000lHXFab\u0000dBaaGjgsWxhTBkl\u0000U1kUHgqDz7MVc23Ues7Spis\u0000\u0000k+\u0000XkeUN1yY0LpTYPXa\u0000xRslCg\u0000TOs\u0000mWfJ\u00005xpZ7O\u0000qgW\u0000OYSHAuf\u0000ajL\u0000M1LIxLBeU81\u0000\u0000kSIQOucUgJJaPaKAMUiD\u0000KenFFFAEyHjivmX9m\u0000y03VP\u0000em\u0000bW\u0000\u0000zPb3CFEa3ti\u0000Ti\u0000mYG\u0000Nr2dPEcThzS\u0000VfFptnM\u0000gkG\u0000TWAB37WdD2BisK6VFvHm\u0000jo\u0000b9nQv0q\u0000FZQQbeOOGMesRBf\u0000CqFTuIWmM6TmVggPTvGdiLyIai3p3TW\u0000YPTiz1ylRYj\u00002NA\u000001SQNoklo9AaNk/\u0000tJf\u0000buh\u0000FziOTj+\u0000lfHmH\u0000G\u0000vspm\u00008Ai\u0000rEPvQaav39\u0000v8A\u0000FAAGzUi\u0000imsJyWsH\u0000G7lUL3p\u0000O+cAoqypy4\u0000TCkHHNUMeCb\u0000pp5cFRkdAis\u0000\u0000MkYahN\u0000DLqEtqgGxMCywND\u0000yzyXT5J\u00003\u0000nyYriDbX2Olx2Gnr/A\u0000deTyxtP\u0000H3aYLD\u0000xkk\u0000IVycSFuO3auUcZ/\u0000K8VXV6SXgt2MUSeiFAF\u0000S9JM\u0000QQIj\u0000NM\u0000vOcc57\u00001vf\u0000RqHTmg0\u0000F6VA\u0000MfWfQWasldU\u0000Dx\u0000XDeJdLk\u0000Sqo\u0000UZZiThk\u0000UAOfxnG\u0000cWU\u0000NPxeoUpKykYKnBqGbis\u0000n9oT\u0000hy\u0000nIB\u0000j21R3atcjMp\u0000iiiylrSyr6KCCOiitxz\u0000ZVy\u0000xQC\u0000\u0000EU\u0000M\u0000rXcjw\u0000fgma\u0000ZbAZVd\u0000E\u0000n\u000039a\u0000e0u\u0000VP5\u0000EbKCMCviL4R\u0000App\u0000D\u00006TOzU\u0000cHtd0OpGbKUHRsn\u0000KOldlKNiQAVIq9wC\u0000RI\u0000\u00005B\u0000tG7y\u0000wPmqsTJPWnID0G\u0000F7k\u0000WB4M0TGGjqpS\u000039\u0000o7kRVTJP\u0000NjDG0ZHMk0YP0H\u000012XDoT0e\u0000ldMgY/\u0000\u0000N0Tsuayv4R\u0000Sr+dVZf\u0000uGd\u0000\u0000BifKWuiN25FJS4Ua7p\u0000LkxTfTa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# 解码为二进制数据
img_data = base64.b64decode(b64_str)

# 将二进制数据写入文件
with open("image.png", "wb") as f:
    f.write(img_data)

python base64Test.py

报错：

E:\20230220_otherPrj\20230220_base64Test>python base64Test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "base64Test.py", line 7, in <module>
    img_data = base64.b64decode(b64_str)
  File "C:\Users\Arnold\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\base64.py", line 87, in b64decode
    return binascii.a2b_base64(s)
binascii.Error: Invalid base64-encoded string: number of data characters (7121) cannot be 1 more than a multiple of 4

E:\20230220_otherPrj\20230220_base64Test>

问题产生原因（失败，报错不是这个问题）

这个错误提示说明你的Base64字符串长度不是4的倍数，因此无法正确解码。这是因为Base64编码是将3个字节的二进制数据转换为4个字符，如果原始数据长度不是3的倍数，编码器会进行一些填充操作，以便使编码后的字符串长度是4的倍数。

在Python中，使用标准库中的base64模块进行解码时，如果遇到这种情况，会自动将字符串末尾的填充字符去除。但如果去除填充字符后字符串长度仍不是4的倍数，就会出现类似的错误提示。

为了解决这个问题，可以在解码之前手动将Base64字符串的末尾补上适当的填充字符，使字符串长度是4的倍数。填充字符通常为等号=，用于表示数据的结尾。例如，如果字符串长度除以4余1，就需要在末尾添加3个等号；如果余2，就需要添加2个等号；如果余3，就不需要添加任何等号。

修改后代码（增加填充=功能）：

base64Test.py

import base64

# 带有不足4个字符的Base64编码字符串
b64_str = "把上面代码的Base64编码字符串拷贝过来，太多了，博文放不下！"

# 计算需要添加的等号数
num_padding = 4 - (len(b64_str) % 4)
if num_padding < 4:
    b64_str += "=" * num_padding

# 解码为二进制数据
img_data = base64.b64decode(b64_str)

# 将二进制数据写入文件
with open("image.png", "wb") as f:
    f.write(img_data)

还是不行啊，失败了，之后咨询cw怎么解决吧

可能是序列化的原因

20230223 问题产生原因2：base64编码数据是错误的

E:\20230220_otherPrj\20230220_base64Test\base64Test.py

import base64

# Base64编码的字符串
b64_str = "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"

# 解码为二进制数据
img_data = base64.b64decode(b64_str)

# 将二进制数据写入文件
with open("image.png", "wb") as f:
    f.write(img_data)

结果：生成了一张图片