雅思听力C19-Test 1-Part 4（科技文章单人独白——An Neolithic archaeological site in the northwest of Ireland）填空

题目

Questions 31-40——Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.

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Discovery

• An important Neolithic archaeological site in the northwest of Ireland

• In the 1930s, a local teacher realised that stones beneath the bog surface were once ______ (31).

• His ______ (32) became an archaeologist and undertook an investigation of the site:

  • A traditional method used by local people to dig for ______ (33) was used to identify where stones were located.

  • Carbon dating later proved the site was Neolithic.

• Items are well preserved in the bog because of a lack of ______ (34).

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Neolithic Farmers

• Houses were ______ (35) in shape and had a hole in the roof.

• Neolithic innovations include:

  • Cooking indoors

  • Pots used for storage and to make ______ (36).

• Each field at Ceide was large enough to support a big ______ (37).

• The fields were probably used to restrict the grazing of animals – no evidence of structures to house them during ______ (38).

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Reasons for the Decline in Farming

• A decline in ______ (39) quality.

• An increase in ______ (40).

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原文

「1」
For my presentation today, I’m going to talk about the Céide Fields in the northwest of Ireland, one of the largest Neolithic sites in the world.
「2」
I recently visited this site and observed the work that is currently being done by a team of archaeologists there.
「3」
The site was first discovered in the 1930s by a local teacher, Patrick Caulfield.
「4」
He noticed that when local people were digging in the bog, they were constantly hitting against what seemed to be rows of stones.
「5」
He realised that these must be walls and that they must be thousands of years old for them to predate the bog which subsequently grew over them.
「6」
He wrote to the National Museum in Dublin to ask them to investigate, but no one took him seriously.
「7」
It wasn’t until 40 years later, when Patrick Caulfield’s son Seamus, who had become an archaeologist by then, began to explore further.
「8」
He inserted iron probes into the bog to map the formation of the stones, a traditional method which local people had always used for finding fuel buried in the bog for thousands of years.
「9」
Carbon dating later proved that the site was over 5,000 years old and was the largest Neolithic site in Ireland.
「10」
Thanks to the bog which covers the area, the remains of the settlement at Céide Fields, which is over 5,000 years old, are extremely well-preserved.
「11」
A bog is 90 percent water; its soil is so saturated that when the grasses and heathers that grow on its surface die, they don’t fully decay but accumulate in layers.
「12」
Objects remain so well preserved in these conditions because of the acidity of the peat and the deficiency of oxygen.
「13」
At least 175 days of rain a year are required for this to happen; this part of Ireland gets an average of 225 days.
「14」
The Neolithic farmers at Céide would have enjoyed several centuries of relative peace and stability.
「15」
Neolithic farmers generally lived in larger communities than their predecessors, with a number of houses built around a community building.
「16」
As they lived in permanent settlements, Neolithic farmers were able to build bigger houses.
「17」
These weren’t round as people often assume, but rectangular with a small hole in the roof that allowed smoke to escape.
「18」
This is one of many innovations and indicates that the Neolithic farmers were the first people to cook indoors.
「19」
Another new technology that Neolithic settlers brought to Ireland was pottery.
「20」
Fragments of Neolithic pots have been found in Céide and elsewhere in Ireland.
「21」
The pots were used for many things; as well as for storing food, pots were filled with a small amount of fat and when this was set alight, they served as lamps.
「22」
It’s thought that the Céide Fields were mainly used as paddocks for animals to graze in.
「23」
Evidence from the Céide Fields suggests that each plot of land was of a suitable size to sustain an extended family.
「24」
They may have used a system of rotational grazing in order to prevent over-grazing and to allow for plant recovery and regrowth.
「25」
This must have been a year-round activity as no structures have been found which would have been used to shelter animals in the winter.
「26」
However, archaeologists believe that this way of life at Céide ceased abruptly. Why was this?
「27」
Well, several factors may have contributed to the changing circumstances.
「28」
The soil would have become less productive and led to the abandonment of farming.
「29」
The crop rotation system was partly responsible for this as it would have been very intensive and was not sustainable.
「30」
But there were also climatic pressures too. The farmers at Céide would have enjoyed a relatively dry period, but this began to change and the conditions became wetter as there was a lot more rain.
「31」
It was these conditions that encouraged the bog to form over the area which survives today.
「32」
So now I’d like to show you some…

译文

当然，以下是您提供的每个句子的翻译：

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「1」

原文：
For my presentation today, I’m going to talk about the Céide Fields in the northwest of Ireland, one of the largest Neolithic sites in the world.

翻译：
在今天的演讲中，我将介绍位于爱尔兰西北部的塞依德田野，这是世界上最大的新石器时代遗址之一。

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「2」

原文：
I recently visited this site and observed the work that is currently being done by a team of archaeologists there.

翻译：
我最近参观了这个遗址，并观察了那里一支考古学家团队目前正在进行的工作。

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「3」

原文：
The site was first discovered in the 1930s by a local teacher, Patrick Caulfield.

翻译：
该遗址于20世纪30年代由当地教师帕特里克·考尔菲尔德首次发现。

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「4」

原文：
He noticed that when local people were digging in the bog, they were constantly hitting against what seemed to be rows of stones.

翻译：
他注意到，当地人在沼泽地里挖掘时，不断地撞到似乎是一排排的石头。

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「5」

原文：
He realised that these must be walls and that they must be thousands of years old for them to predate the bog which subsequently grew over them.

翻译：
他意识到这些一定是城墙，而且这些墙壁一定有数千年的历史，早于后来覆盖它们的沼泽。

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「6」

原文：
He wrote to the National Museum in Dublin to ask them to investigate, but no one took him seriously.

翻译：
他写信给都柏林国家博物馆，要求他们进行调查，但没有人认真对待他的话。

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「7」

原文：
It wasn’t until 40 years later, when Patrick Caulfield’s son Seamus, who had become an archaeologist by then, began to explore further.

翻译：
直到40年后，帕特里克·考尔菲尔德的儿子西莫斯（Seamus）在成为一名考古学家后，才开始进一步探索。

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「8」

原文：
He inserted iron probes into the bog to map the formation of the stones, a traditional method which local people had always used for finding fuel buried in the bog for thousands of years.

翻译：
他将铁探针插入沼泽，以绘制石头的形成图。这是一种当地人千百年来一直用于寻找埋在沼泽中的燃料的传统方法。

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「9」

原文：
Carbon dating later proved that the site was over 5,000 years old and was the largest Neolithic site in Ireland.

翻译：
碳定年法后来证明，该遗址距今已有5000多年的历史，是爱尔兰最大的一个新石器时代遗址。

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「10」

原文：
Thanks to the bog which covers the area, the remains of the settlement at Céide Fields, which is over 5,000 years old, are extremely well-preserved.

翻译：
由于该地区被沼泽覆盖，塞依德田野定居点的遗迹得到了极好的保存，距今已有5000多年的历史。

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「11」

原文：
A bog is 90 percent water; its soil is so saturated that when the grasses and heathers that grow on its surface die, they don’t fully decay but accumulate in layers.

翻译：
泥炭沼泽90%是水；其土壤非常饱和，以至于表面生长的草和石楠死亡后不会完全腐烂，而是逐层积累。

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「12」

原文：
Objects remain so well preserved in these conditions because of the acidity of the peat and the deficiency of oxygen.

翻译：
由于泥炭的酸性和氧气的缺乏，物品在这种条件下保存得十分完好。

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「13」

原文：
At least 175 days of rain a year are required for this to happen; this part of Ireland gets an average of 225 days.

翻译：
要做到这一点，每年至少需要175天的降雨；爱尔兰这一地区的年平均降雨天数为225天。

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「14」

原文：
The Neolithic farmers at Céide would have enjoyed several centuries of relative peace and stability.

翻译：
塞依德的新石器时代农民应该享受了几个世纪的相对和平与稳定。

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「15」

原文：
Neolithic farmers generally lived in larger communities than their predecessors, with a number of houses built around a community building.

翻译：
新石器时代的农民通常居住在比他们的前辈更大的社区中，许多房屋围绕一个公共建筑建造。

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「16」

原文：
As they lived in permanent settlements, Neolithic farmers were able to build bigger houses.

翻译：
由于他们居住在永久定居点，新石器时代的农民能够建造更大的房屋。

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「17」

原文：
These weren’t round as people often assume, but rectangular with a small hole in the roof that allowed smoke to escape.

翻译：
这些房屋并不像人们通常认为的那样是圆形的，而是长方形的，屋顶上有一个小洞，可以让烟雾逸出。

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「18」

原文：
This is one of many innovations and indicates that the Neolithic farmers were the first people to cook indoors.

翻译：
这也是新石器时代的许多创新之一，并表明新石器时代的农民是第一批在室内做饭的人。

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「19」

原文：
Another new technology that Neolithic settlers brought to Ireland was pottery.

翻译：
新石器时代定居者带到爱尔兰的另一项新技术是陶器。

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「20」

原文：
Fragments of Neolithic pots have been found in Céide and elsewhere in Ireland.

翻译：
在塞依德及爱尔兰其他地方发现了新石器时代的陶器碎片。

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「21」

原文：
The pots were used for many things; as well as for storing food, pots were filled with a small amount of fat and when this was set alight, they served as lamps.

翻译：
这些陶罐有多种用途：除了储存食物，陶罐里还装有少量脂肪，点燃后可以作为灯具。

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「22」

原文：
It’s thought that the Céide Fields were mainly used as paddocks for animals to graze in.

翻译：
人们认为，塞依德田野主要用作牲畜放牧的围场。

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「23」

原文：
Evidence from the Céide Fields suggests that each plot of land was of a suitable size to sustain an extended family.

翻译：
来自塞依德田野的证据表明，每块土地的面积都适合维持一个大家庭的生活。

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「24」

原文：
They may have used a system of rotational grazing in order to prevent over-grazing and to allow for plant recovery and regrowth.

翻译：
他们可能使用了轮牧制度，以防止过度放牧，并为植物恢复和重新生长提供条件。

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「25」

原文：
This must have been a year-round activity as no structures have been found which would have been used to shelter animals in the winter.

翻译：
这肯定是全年进行的活动，因为没有发现用于牲畜冬季栖息的建筑。

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「26」

原文：
However, archaeologists believe that this way of life at Céide ceased abruptly. Why was this?

翻译：
然而，考古学家认为，塞依德的这种生活方式突然终止了。这是为什么呢？

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「27」

原文：
Well, several factors may have contributed to the changing circumstances.

翻译：
嗯，几个因素可能导致了情况的变化。

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「28」

原文：
The soil would have become less productive and led to the abandonment of farming.

翻译：
土壤的生产力降低，导致人们放弃了耕作。

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「29」

原文：
The crop rotation system was partly responsible for this as it would have been very intensive and was not sustainable.

翻译：
轮作制度是造成这种情况的部分原因，因为这种制度非常集约且不可持续。

集约农业（集约化农业）指的是通过现代技术和管理方法，提高单位土地上的农业产出。例如，使用高效灌溉系统、机械化耕作、密集种植等手段。

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「30」

原文：
But there were also climatic pressures too. The farmers at Céide would have enjoyed a relatively dry period, but this began to change and the conditions became wetter as there was a lot more rain.

翻译：
但气候压力也是原因之一。塞依德的农民曾经度过了一段相对干燥的时期，但由于降雨量增多，这种情况开始发生变化，环境变得更加潮湿。

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「31」

原文：
It was these conditions that encouraged the bog to form over the area which survives today.

翻译：
正是这些条件促使沼泽在该地区形成，而这片沼泽一直延续至今，保护了下方的遗迹。

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「32」

原文：
So now I’d like to show you some…

翻译：
现在我想展示一些…

答案

正确答案:
31、walls
32、son
33、fuel
34、oxygen
35、rectangular
36、lamps
37、family
38、winter
39、soil
40、rain

我的答案:
31、noticed ×
32、son
33、fuel
34、oxygen
35、rectangular
36、lamps
37、family
38、winter
39、soil
40、rain

9 / 10 * 9 = 8.1

答案解析

31、题干问本地老师发现bog surface下面的stones曾是什么。录音提到teacher后，马上说成排的stones是walls，即答案是walls。
「5」
32、题干问这位老师的什么成了一位考古学家，可预判是亲属或朋友关系。这题难度很低，录音清晰说成为了archaeologist的是这位老师的son，即为答案词。
「7」
33、题干问本地人挖什么的传统方法。顺着上一题答案录音处继续听，即提到找fuel的traditional method，答案词是fuel。
「8」
34、题干问保存得好的原因是缺少什么。be well preserved在录音中原词重现，接着deficiency对应题干的a lack of，故答案词为oxygen。
「12」
35、题干问房子在形状上是什么样子，可预判填形状名称。录音提到Neolithic farmers和houses后马上说不是round而是rectangular，即为答案词。
「16」
「17」
36、题干问罐子用于储存和制作什么。录音提到pots和storing food后，即说还用作lamps，故答案词为lamps。
「21」
37、题干问足够大到支持一个大的什么。顺着上一题录音处继续听，即提到Céide Fields的土地大小可以支持一个大家庭，extended family对应题干big family。答案词为family。
「23」
38、题干问没有证据显示有房屋等在什么期间收容动物。录音中no structures原词重现，shelter animals对应题干house them，during是in，故答案词是winter。
「25」
39、题干问什么质量下降。录音中less productive对应题干decline in quality，故答案词是soil。
「28」
40、题干问什么增加。录音中出现上一题答案并给到细致解释后，but后提到了另一个原因——气候压力，即雨水更多，故答案词是rain。
「30」

疑问