SpringBoot2.0不容错过的新特性 WebFlux响应式编程【第4章】reactive stream 响应式流

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-01 13:51:02 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-01 13:51:02 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Dreamlate_Spider/article/details/112645592

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4-1 初识`Reactive Stream`

`概念`

JDK9引入的一套标准，是一套基于发布订阅者模式数据处理的规范。FLOW API。

`背压`

backpress发布者和订阅者之间的互动，调节数据流量的作用，

4-2 `Reactive Stream`主要接口

`java.util.concurrent.Flow`

IDEA 查看类概述[Alt +7]

`java.util.concurrent.Flow.Publisher`

发布者；

subscribe:发布者和调用者产生订阅关系。

`java.util.concurrent.Flow.Subscriber`

订阅者

onSubscribe:和发布者签约订阅关系的时候。

`java.util.concurrent.Flow.Subscription`

发布者和订阅者之间通过Publisher.subscribe建立调用关系，这个关系就是Subscription，它是实现背压的关键。

request方法告诉发布者还需要订阅者还需要多少资源。

`java.util.concurrent.Flow.Processor`

继承了发布者和订阅者接口。既可以做发布者，又可以做消费者。更多的时候是承担中间角色，发布者发布消息到接收者，如果中间要进行一些处理、过滤。 相当于过滤器，中转站。

4-3 完整实例

1.创建发布者;使用JDK自带的SubmissionPublisher，它实现了Publisher接口

SubmissionPublisher<String> publisher = new SubmissionPublisher();

2.创建订阅者

Subscriber<String> subscriber = new Subscriber<>() {

          int num = 1;
          private Subscription subscription;

          @Override
          public void onSubscribe(Subscription subscription) {

              System.out.println("Subscribe!");
              //保持订阅者关系，需要用它来给发布者响应
              this.subscription = subscription;
              //请求一条数据
              this.subscription.request(1);

          }

          @Override
          public void onNext(String item) {

              System.out.println("The request times is : " + num);
              num++;
              //接收到一条消息,处理
              System.out.println("The message received is :" + item);

              //处理完调用request再请求一条数据
              this.subscription.request(1);

              //或者已经达到目标，告诉发布者不需要再发送数据了
              //this.subscription.cancel();
          }

          @Override
          public void onError(Throwable throwable) {
              //异常处理(当程序出现异常的时候),一般是在onNext方法处理出错的时候这里会捕获

              //告诉发布者，后面不收收数据了
              this.subscription.cancel();

          }

          @Override
          public void onComplete() {
              //publisher.close()时会执行该方法
              //当消息处理完成时
              System.out.println("Complete!");

          }
      };

3.发布者和订阅者建立关系

 publisher.subscribe(subscriber);

4.生产数据并发布

publisher.submit("The sunset is beautiful today.");

publisher.submit("Today, I went to the seaside to pick up rubbish.");

publisher.submit("A lot of people took part in the activity.");

5.结束后关闭发布者；正式环境应该放finally或者使用try-resource确保关闭

publisher.close();

//主线程延迟停止，否则数据没有消费就退出
//TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
Thread.currentThread().join(1000);

输出结果

Subscribe!
The request times is : 1
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.
The request times is : 2
The message received is :Today, I went to the seaside to pick up rubbish.
The request times is : 3
The message received is :A lot of people took part in the activity.
Complete!

使用`processor`,需要继承`SubmissionPublisher`,实现`Process`接口

输入数据源String,处理掉不符合规则的数据，然后发布出去。

自定义Processor

class MyProcessor extends SubmissionPublisher<String> implements Processor<String,String> {

    private Subscription subscription;

    @Override
    public void onSubscribe(Subscription subscription) {

        System.out.println("Processor subscribe");

        this.subscription =subscription;
        this.subscription.request(1);

    }

    @Override
    public void onNext(String item) {

        System.out.println("Processor onNext");

        //Conditional filtering
        if("A".equals(item) || "C".equals(item) || "E".equals(item)){

            this.submit("Data to be published " + item);
        }

        this.subscription.request(1);

    }

    @Override
    public void onError(Throwable throwable) {

        System.out.println("Processor onError.");

    }

    @Override
    public void onComplete() {

        System.out.println("Processor onComplete.");

    }

}

1.创建发布者;使用JDK自带的SubmissionPublisher，它实现了Publisher接口

SubmissionPublisher<String> publisher = new SubmissionPublisher<>();

2.定义处理器，对数据进行过滤

MyProcessor myProcessor = new MyProcessor();

3.发布者和订阅者建立关系

publisher.subscribe(myProcessor);

4.定义最终订阅者，消费String类型数据

Subscriber<String> subscriber = new Subscriber<>() {

    int num = 1;
    private Subscription subscription;

    @Override
    public void onSubscribe(Subscription subscription) {
        System.out.println(" Subscribe!");
        //保持订阅者关系，需要用它来给发布者响应
        this.subscription = subscription;
        //请求一条数据
        this.subscription.request(1);
    }

    @Override
    public void onNext(String item) {
        System.out.println("The request times is : " + num);
        num++;
        //接收到一条消息,处理
        System.out.println("The message received is :" + item);

        //处理完调用request再请求一条数据
        this.subscription.request(1);

        //或者已经达到目标，告诉发布者不需要再发送数据了
        //this.subscription.cancel();

    }

    @Override
    public void onError(Throwable throwable) {

        System.out.println("Error");
        System.out.println(throwable.getMessage());

        //异常处理(当程序出现异常的时候),一般是在onNext方法处理出错的时候这里会捕获

        //告诉发布者，后面不收收数据了
        this.subscription.cancel();

    }

    @Override
    public void onComplete() {
        //publisher.close()时会执行该方法
        //当消息处理完成时
        System.out.println("Complete!");

    }
};

5.处理器和最终订阅者建立订阅关系

myProcessor.subscribe(subscriber);

6.生产数据并发布

publisher.submit("A");
publisher.submit("B");
publisher.submit("C");
publisher.submit("D");
publisher.submit("E");
publisher.submit("F");

7.结束后关闭发布者；正式环境应该放finally或者使用try-resource确保关闭

publisher.close();

//主线程延迟停止，否则数据没有消费就退出
//TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
Thread.currentThread().join(10000);

输出结果

Processor subscribe
 Subscribe!
Processor onNext
Processor onNext
Processor onNext
Processor onNext
Processor onNext
Processor onNext
Processor onComplete.
The request times is : 1
The message received is :Data to be published A
The request times is : 2
The message received is :Data to be published C
The request times is : 3
The message received is :Data to be published E

4-4 运行机制

在Subscriber.onSubscribe方法处打断点执行

在这里插入图片描述

说明:由于未知原因，在执行Subscriber.onSubscribe()方法时subscription调式部分的array提示All elements are null.为了达到预期效果在this.subscription = subscription;前增加以下代码:

try {
    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

array:订阅者缓冲，它会把发布者的数据先缓冲起来。

响应式流里面最关键的就是反馈，可以通过反馈来调节发布者，创建产生数据的速度。如何让发布者慢下来的？

publisher.submit()是阻塞方法。发布者发布数据的时候，订阅者的缓冲池满了，那submit()就会被阻塞，这个时候就会被停下来，就不会再生产数据了。

发布者发布259条数据

4.生产数据并发布

for (int i = 0; i < 259; i++) {

    System.out.println("publisher data is " + i);
    publisher.submit("The sunset is beautiful today." + i);

}

订阅者缓冲池最大的容量为256

在这里插入图片描述

输出结果

publisher data is 0
publisher data is 1
publisher data is 2
publisher data is 3
publisher data is 4
publisher data is 5
publisher data is 6
publisher data is 7
publisher data is 8
publisher data is 9
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Subscribe!
publisher data is 257
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.0
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.1
publisher data is 258
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.2
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The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.233
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.234
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.235
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.236
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.237
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.238
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.239
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.240
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.241
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.242
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.243
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.244
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.245
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.246
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.247
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.248
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.249
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.250
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.251
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.252
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.253
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.254
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.255
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.256
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.257
The message received is :The sunset is beautiful today.258
Complete!

Whaleson

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