EFM32片内外设--USART之UART误码率计算

在做UART功能之前，必定会面对一个问题, 在我目前的时钟频率下，我应该用何种波特率是最合适的？误码率是最低的。

针对EFM32，UART的过采样可以配制成4, 6, 8, 16次， 而分频系数为15bit，前13bit为整数，后2bit是小数位。总体的计算公式如下：

USARTn_CLKDIV = 256 x ((fHFPERCLK/(oversample x brdesired)) - 1)

USARTn_CLKDIV就是需要写入USART寄存器的值

但是在看USARTn_CLKDIV寄存器的时候，会发现寄存器有效位是从bit6~bit20。 这就是计算公式里有256的原因了。bit6~bit7是小数位。

由于大家选择的时钟源各种各样，而且波特率也各种各样，因此写了一段小代码来计算各种情况下的误码率。

例程:所有的结果请在IAR的Terminal I/O里面查看，或则直接在TermIO.log里查看。(Terminal log的输出，在仿真环境下，Debug-> logging-> Set terminal I/O log file 里面设置)

#include "stdlib.h"
#include "stdio.h"

//const signed long int csFreq[6] = {4.0,7.0,11.0,14.0,21.0,28.0};
float csFreq[7] = {4000000,7000000,11000000,14000000,21000000,28000000,32000000};
unsigned long Oversample[4] = {4, 6, 8, 16};
unsigned long Bandrate = 115200;

void main(void)
{
    for(unsigned char j = 0; j < 4; j++)
    {
        printf("Oversample with %dx \n\r", Oversample[j]);
        printf("Frequence   DesiredBaudrate   Div256       ActualBaudRate  Error% \n\r");
        for(unsigned char i = 0;i < 7;i++)
        {
            float Buffer;
            float Buffer2;
            Buffer = csFreq[i]/Oversample[j];
            Buffer = Buffer / Bandrate;
            Buffer = Buffer - 1;
           
            signed long long Buffer4 = (signed long long)(Buffer * 1000);
            Buffer4 = (Buffer4 + 5) / 10;
            signed long long Buffer5;
            if(Buffer4 % 25 > 12)
            {
                Buffer5 = Buffer4;
                Buffer5 = Buffer4 % 100;
                Buffer5 = (1 + Buffer5/25) * 25;
                Buffer4 = Buffer4 - Buffer4 % 100;
                Buffer4 = Buffer4 + Buffer5;
            }
            else
            {
                Buffer5 = Buffer4;
                Buffer5 = Buffer4 % 100;
                Buffer5 = (Buffer5/25) * 25;
                Buffer4 = Buffer4 - Buffer4 % 100;
                Buffer4 = Buffer4 + Buffer5;
            }
            Buffer = ((float)Buffer4)/100;
           
            printf("%d     ",(unsigned long)csFreq[i]);
            printf("%d          ",Bandrate);
            printf("%f      ",Buffer);
           
            float Buffer3;
            Buffer3 = csFreq[i] / (1 + Buffer) / Oversample[j];
           
            printf("%f    ",Buffer3);
           
            Buffer3 = Buffer3 - Bandrate;
            Buffer3 = Buffer3 / Bandrate;
           
            printf("%f \n\r",Buffer3*100);
        }
    }
    while(1);
}

 

输出结果如下：

Oversample with 4x

Frequence   DesiredBaudrate   Div256       ActualBaudRate  Error%

4000000     115200          7.750000      114285.710938    -0.793654

7000000     115200          14.250000      114754.101563    -0.387065

11000000     115200          22.750000      115789.476563    0.511698

14000000     115200          29.500000      114754.101563    -0.387065

21000000     115200          44.500000      115384.617188    0.160258

28000000     115200          59.750000      115226.335938    0.022861

32000000     115200          68.500000      115107.914063    -0.079936

Oversample with 6x

Frequence   DesiredBaudrate   Div256       ActualBaudRate  Error%

4000000     115200          4.750000      115942.031250    0.644124

7000000     115200          9.250000      113821.132813    -1.196933

11000000     115200          15.000000      114583.335938    -0.535299

14000000     115200          19.250000      115226.335938    0.022861

21000000     115200          29.500000      114754.093750    -0.387071

28000000     115200          39.500000      115226.335938    0.022861

32000000     115200          45.250000      115315.312500    0.100098

Oversample with 8x

Frequence   DesiredBaudrate   Div256       ActualBaudRate  Error%

4000000     115200          3.250000      117647.062500    2.124186

7000000     115200          6.500000      116666.664063    1.273146

11000000     115200          11.000000      114583.335938    -0.535299

14000000     115200          14.250000      114754.101563    -0.387065

21000000     115200          21.750000      115384.617188    0.160258

28000000     115200          29.500000      114754.101563    -0.387065

32000000     115200          33.750000      115107.914063    -0.079936

Oversample with 16x

Frequence   DesiredBaudrate   Div256       ActualBaudRate  Error%

4000000     115200          1.250000      111111.109375    -3.549384

7000000     115200          2.750000      116666.664063    1.273146

11000000     115200          5.000000      114583.335938    -0.535299

14000000     115200          6.500000      116666.664063    1.273146

21000000     115200          10.500000      114130.437500    -0.928440

28000000     115200          14.250000      114754.101563    -0.387065

32000000     115200          16.250000      115942.031250    0.644124

 

以上是特定的115200波特率在各种时钟源下的无码率。可以适当的修改源代码来计算其他情况i下的误码率