新概念英语第二册（44）下

【Key structures】

1、动名词可以做主语、宾语、介词宾语等Washing the car made me tired.

Before leaving the office, he gave me a book. I am very keen on cycling.

 

动名词

He sat there without saying anything.           他坐在那里, 一言不发.

That’s no excuse for not mending the chair!           这不是你不修椅子的借口！

2、动名词还可以用于“动词+介词”之后

look forward to doing sth.              期待、盼望做某事

I am looking forward to seeing him tomorrow. be accustomed to doing sth.                                      习惯于做某事

I am accustomed to getting up early.           我习惯早起.

be used to doing sth.             习惯做某事

I am used to getting up early.           我习惯早起.

比较：I used to get up early but I don't anymore.         我过去常早起, 但现在不再早起了。

devote to doing sth.             奉献给某事, 把……奉献给……

devote oneself to doing sth.              (全身心投入做某事)

She devotes herself to teaching.

My mother devotes herself to doing homework. object to doing sth.                                        反对做某事

I object to eating out.           我反对在外面吃饭.

get/be tired of doing sth.         对……厌烦, 作为系动词 get 可与be 替换

believe in           信任,信仰

believe in + sb.           表示信任某人,信仰某人

believe in + doing sth.           表示我的信条是...

I belive in taking it easy. （take it easy 轻松,放松,慢慢来）

accuse sb. of doing sth.             因某事控告某人（accuse     vt. 控告；指控）

The police accused him of stealing.           警方控告他犯有盗窃罪.

3、在 start，begin，continue 等后面，既可以用不定式又可以用动名词，区别不大：

I began to learn/learning English two years ago.

4、在 love，like，prefer 等动词后，用不定式和动名词意义有所区别。

hate,love,like+doing sth.             表示一种习惯(always) hate,love,like+to do sth.                                            表示某一次性的行为(now)

would love /like to do sth.         表示想要, 习惯于在前面加 would

餐厅服务员习惯会问: “Would you like to…?”，而不会用 “Do you like…?”，他只关心你现在想吃什么,

而不管你平常吃什么。

I hate to do sth.…             不喜欢……

I hate to say I have no money , but I really need some. 说明这个人要向你借钱了

I hate to say but I really have something important to do.

你想拒绝别人的邀请时可用的句型

prefer…to…结构中只能用动名词

Why don’t you drive to work instead of walking? I prefer walking to driving.

5、在 need，want 之后，动名词形式具有被动的含义，相当于被动的不定式：

如果以物体做主语，可以直接加动词-ing，表达被动的含义

My shirt is torn. It needs mending.           我的衬衫撕破了, 需要缝补.

Those windows are dirty. They want washing.           那些窗户很脏, 需要洗刷.

【Special Difficulties】catch and run

catch 主要意思是“抓住、捉住、逮住”，但有时可以表示“（及时）赶上、追上”等：

He ran quickly to catch the last bus home.

When she caught up with them, she saw that they were going through the contents of the bag.

run 的本意是“跑”，后面加上不同的小品词可以表达“追赶，逃跑”等多种含义：

She has run off with all his money. The man ran away with her bag.

【Mutiple choice questions】

1. They were going through the contents of the bag. ___c___she ran straight at them.

a. For this                    b. That's because                     c. That's why                     d. That's so that's 后一般加特殊疑问词引导的从句，或 that's all 加从句

for  加句子的时候,  习惯上放在主句之后，表示“由于某个理由”，不说 for this  而说 for this reason

1. They got such a fright. They were ___c___.

a.so frightful                       b.such frightened             c.so frightened         d.such fright so +adj./adv.；such +n. （d 应 为 such a fright）

frightful=terrible              adj. 糟糕

frightened         adj. 感到害怕的

1. The strap needs mending. It ___b___.

a. has mended          b. has to be mended        c. has been mended        d. has been mending

10 They tried to steal her handbag. They tried to ___a___her of her handbag.

a. rob                         b. steal        c. be robbed                   d. be stolen

steal 后面加物（steal sth. from sb.）；rob 的后面加人（rob sb. of sth.）

8 She took a risk. What she did was ___a___.

a.dangerous                b.brave                    c.clever                     d.stupid

这里 what 有点类似于汉语中的 “兼语” 的概念，what=the thing that The thing that/which surprised me is that my brother will come.

=What surprised me is that my brother will come. (更多用这种表达) What I said is true.                                       我所说的话是真的

That is what I heard.          那就是我所听到的事情

What I saw made me sad. What you said made me sad.