考研英语语法（十五）

名词性从句：

宾语从句
    1.宾语从句的含义
        一个从句作主句的宾语
        Justice Anthony Kennedy wrote( that the previous decisions were flawed)
    2.宾语从句的写法
        陈述句变宾语从句
            Dr.Worm acknowledges ( that )these figures are conservative-----that 不做句子成分，可以省略，一般不要省略，因为可以分得清主句和从句；而且除了宾语从句，其他三种名词性从句都不能省略that，索性就都不省。
        特殊疑问句变宾语从句
            We suddenly can't remember where did we put the keys just a moment ago?----疑问句调整成陈述句的语序：主语提前，动词往后放----We suddenly can't remember where we did put the keys just a moment ago?---did put，did 帮助put 构成过去式的疑问句，所以把did 和put 合并即可-----We suddenly can't remember where we put the keys just a moment ago?
        一般疑问句变宾语从句
            I don’t know Are other clients going to abandon me ,too?---一般疑问句的语序改成陈述句的语序：主语提前 ----I don't know other clients are going to abandon me ,too?-----一般疑问句表示 是 或 不是，所以要加上whether/if ----I don‘t know if/whether other clients are going to abandon me,too---推荐使用whether,因为在主语从句不能用if或者是后面接or not的时候也不能用if
        外面的主句不是陈述句，里面的从句也要变成陈述句语序
            Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their  newspapers?
        连接词加什么，要看后面的从句缺少什么，就加代表这个“什么”的词：比如缺少“什么”,加what；缺“谁”加who；缺个“时间”，加“when"；缺个“地点”加“where" ；缺”是否“,加if；什么都不缺，加that
    3.宾语从句的位置
        及物动词后：动宾
            This may also explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells……动单宾
            ……users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be followed  动双宾
            You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.
            Neither of these patterns is borne out by the analysis,suggesting that the structures of the languages are lineage-specific and not governed by universals
        介词后：介宾
            This and other similar cases raise the question of whether there is still a line between the court and politics
        形容词后：形容词+宾从（原本是形容+介词+宾语从句，这里省略了一个介词）
            ……he felt certain（about) that he never could have succeeded with mathematics
    4.注意事项
        一句话中多个宾语从句
            To filter out (what is unique) from (what is shared )might enable us to understand (how complex cultural behavior arose) and (what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms)
        宾语从句后置，it作形式宾语
            That kind of activity makes it less likely (that the court's decisions will be accepted as impartial judgments)----适用于”主谓宾补“的句型中且宾语很长，影响后面的宾补。此句种less likely 是宾补