public class PriorityQueue<E> extends AbstractQueue<E>
implements java.io.Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -7720805057305804111L;
//默认初始容量,容量为2*n+1
private static final int DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY = 11;
transient Object[] queue; // non-private to simplify nested class access
private int size = 0;
private final Comparator<? super E> comparator;
transient int modCount = 0; // non-private to simplify nested class access
//默认容量的构造函数
public PriorityQueue() {
this(DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY, null);
}
//指定容量的构造函数
public PriorityQueue(int initialCapacity) {
this(initialCapacity, null);
}
//包含比较器的构造函数
public PriorityQueue(Comparator<? super E> comparator) {
this(DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY, comparator);
}
//通用构造函数
public PriorityQueue(int initialCapacity,
Comparator<? super E> comparator) {
// Note: This restriction of at least one is not actually needed,
// but continues for 1.5 compatibility
if (initialCapacity < 1)
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
this.queue = new Object[initialCapacity];
this.comparator = comparator;
}
//如果是优先队列/有序Set则继承比较器,如果是其他无序集合则无比较器
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public PriorityQueue(Collection<? extends E> c) {
if (c instanceof SortedSet<?>) {
SortedSet<? extends E> ss = (SortedSet<? extends E>) c;
this.comparator = (Comparator<? super E>) ss.comparator();
initElementsFromCollection(ss);
}
else if (c instanceof PriorityQueue<?>) {
PriorityQueue<? extends E> pq = (PriorityQueue<? extends E>) c;
this.comparator = (Comparator<? super E>) pq.comparator();
initFromPriorityQueue(pq);
}
else {
this.comparator = null;
initFromCollection(c);
}
}
//继承优先队列的构造器
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public PriorityQueue(PriorityQueue<? extends E> c) {
this.comparator = (Comparator<? super E>) c.comparator();
initFromPriorityQueue(c);
}
//继承有序Set的构造器
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public PriorityQueue(SortedSet<? extends E> c) {
this.comparator = (Comparator<? super E>) c.comparator();
initElementsFromCollection(c);
}
//根据优先队列初始化
private void initFromPriorityQueue(PriorityQueue<? extends E> c) {
if (c.getClass() == PriorityQueue.class) {
this.queue = c.toArray();
this.size = c.size();
} else {
initFromCollection(c);
}
}
//根据集合初始化[可以看出不允许null值]
private void initElementsFromCollection(Collection<? extends E> c) {
Object[] a = c.toArray();
// If c.toArray incorrectly doesn't return Object[], copy it.
if (a.getClass() != Object[].class)
a = Arrays.copyOf(a, a.length, Object[].class);
int len = a.length;
if (len == 1 || this.comparator != null)
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
if (a[i] == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
this.queue = a;
this.size = a.length;
}
//根据集合初始化
private void initFromCollection(Collection<? extends E> c) {
initElementsFromCollection(c);
heapify();
}
//Array上限
private static final int MAX_ARRAY_SIZE = Integer.MAX_VALUE - 8;
//扩容[1.5倍]
private void grow(int minCapacity) {
int oldCapacity = queue.length;
// Double size if small; else grow by 50%
int newCapacity = oldCapacity + ((oldCapacity < 64) ?
(oldCapacity + 2) :
(oldCapacity >> 1));
// overflow-conscious code
if (newCapacity - MAX_ARRAY_SIZE > 0)
newCapacity = hugeCapacity(minCapacity);
queue = Arrays.copyOf(queue, newCapacity);
}
private static int hugeCapacity(int minCapacity) {
if (minCapacity < 0) // overflow
throw new OutOfMemoryError();
return (minCapacity > MAX_ARRAY_SIZE) ?
Integer.MAX_VALUE :
MAX_ARRAY_SIZE;
}
//添加元素
public boolean add(E e) {
return offer(e);
}
//添加元素
public boolean offer(E e) {
if (e == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
modCount++;
int i = size;
if (i >= queue.length)
grow(i + 1);
size = i + 1;
if (i == 0)
queue[0] = e;
else
siftUp(i, e);
return true;
}
//得到头元素[不取出]
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public E peek() {
return (size == 0) ? null : (E) queue[0];
}
//定位元素o[遍历]
private int indexOf(Object o) {
if (o != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
if (o.equals(queue[i]))
return i;
}
return -1;
}
//删除特定元素o
public boolean remove(Object o) {
int i = indexOf(o);
if (i == -1)
return false;
else {
removeAt(i);
return true;
}
}
//iterator.remove需要
boolean removeEq(Object o) {
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
if (o == queue[i]) {
removeAt(i);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/是否存在特定元素o
public boolean contains(Object o) {
return indexOf(o) != -1;
}
public Object[] toArray() {
return Arrays.copyOf(queue, size);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
final int size = this.size;
if (a.length < size)
// Make a new array of a's runtime type, but my contents:
return (T[]) Arrays.copyOf(queue, size, a.getClass());
System.arraycopy(queue, 0, a, 0, size);
if (a.length > size)
a[size] = null;
return a;
}
public Iterator<E> iterator() {
return new Itr();
}
private final class Itr implements Iterator<E> {
/**
* Index (into queue array) of element to be returned by
* subsequent call to next.
*/
private int cursor = 0;
/**
* Index of element returned by most recent call to next,
* unless that element came from the forgetMeNot list.
* Set to -1 if element is deleted by a call to remove.
*/
private int lastRet = -1;
/**
* A queue of elements that were moved from the unvisited portion of
* the heap into the visited portion as a result of "unlucky" element
* removals during the iteration. (Unlucky element removals are those
* that require a siftup instead of a siftdown.) We must visit all of
* the elements in this list to complete the iteration. We do this
* after we've completed the "normal" iteration.
*
* We expect that most iterations, even those involving removals,
* will not need to store elements in this field.
*/
private ArrayDeque<E> forgetMeNot = null;
/**
* Element returned by the most recent call to next iff that
* element was drawn from the forgetMeNot list.
*/
private E lastRetElt = null;
/**
* The modCount value that the iterator believes that the backing
* Queue should have. If this expectation is violated, the iterator
* has detected concurrent modification.
*/
private int expectedModCount = modCount;
public boolean hasNext() {
return cursor < size ||
(forgetMeNot != null && !forgetMeNot.isEmpty());
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public E next() {
if (expectedModCount != modCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
if (cursor < size)
return (E) queue[lastRet = cursor++];
if (forgetMeNot != null) {
lastRet = -1;
lastRetElt = forgetMeNot.poll();
if (lastRetElt != null)
return lastRetElt;
}
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
public void remove() {
if (expectedModCount != modCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
if (lastRet != -1) {
E moved = PriorityQueue.this.removeAt(lastRet);
lastRet = -1;
if (moved == null)
cursor--;
else {
if (forgetMeNot == null)
forgetMeNot = new ArrayDeque<>();
forgetMeNot.add(moved);
}
} else if (lastRetElt != null) {
PriorityQueue.this.removeEq(lastRetElt);
lastRetElt = null;
} else {
throw new IllegalStateException();
}
expectedModCount = modCount;
}
}
public int size() {
return size;
}
/**
* Removes all of the elements from this priority queue.
* The queue will be empty after this call returns.
*/
public void clear() {
modCount++;
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
queue[i] = null;
size = 0;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public E poll() {
if (size == 0)
return null;
int s = --size;
modCount++;
E result = (E) queue[0];
E x = (E) queue[s];
queue[s] = null;
if (s != 0)
siftDown(0, x);
return result;
}
/**
* Removes the ith element from queue.
*
* Normally this method leaves the elements at up to i-1,
* inclusive, untouched. Under these circumstances, it returns
* null. Occasionally, in order to maintain the heap invariant,
* it must swap a later element of the list with one earlier than
* i. Under these circumstances, this method returns the element
* that was previously at the end of the list and is now at some
* position before i. This fact is used by iterator.remove so as to
* avoid missing traversing elements.
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private E removeAt(int i) {
// assert i >= 0 && i < size;
modCount++;
int s = --size;
if (s == i) // removed last element
queue[i] = null;
else {
E moved = (E) queue[s];
queue[s] = null;
siftDown(i, moved);
if (queue[i] == moved) {
siftUp(i, moved);
if (queue[i] != moved)
return moved;
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* Inserts item x at position k, maintaining heap invariant by
* promoting x up the tree until it is greater than or equal to
* its parent, or is the root.
*
* To simplify and speed up coercions and comparisons. the
* Comparable and Comparator versions are separated into different
* methods that are otherwise identical. (Similarly for siftDown.)
*
* @param k the position to fill
* @param x the item to insert
*/
private void siftUp(int k, E x) {
if (comparator != null)
siftUpUsingComparator(k, x);
else
siftUpComparable(k, x);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private void siftUpComparable(int k, E x) {
Comparable<? super E> key = (Comparable<? super E>) x;
while (k > 0) {
int parent = (k - 1) >>> 1;
Object e = queue[parent];
if (key.compareTo((E) e) >= 0)
break;
queue[k] = e;
k = parent;
}
queue[k] = key;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private void siftUpUsingComparator(int k, E x) {
while (k > 0) {
int parent = (k - 1) >>> 1;
Object e = queue[parent];
if (comparator.compare(x, (E) e) >= 0)
break;
queue[k] = e;
k = parent;
}
queue[k] = x;
}
/**
* Inserts item x at position k, maintaining heap invariant by
* demoting x down the tree repeatedly until it is less than or
* equal to its children or is a leaf.
*
* @param k the position to fill
* @param x the item to insert
*/
private void siftDown(int k, E x) {
if (comparator != null)
siftDownUsingComparator(k, x);
else
siftDownComparable(k, x);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private void siftDownComparable(int k, E x) {
Comparable<? super E> key = (Comparable<? super E>)x;
int half = size >>> 1; // loop while a non-leaf
while (k < half) {
int child = (k << 1) + 1; // assume left child is least
Object c = queue[child];
int right = child + 1;
if (right < size &&
((Comparable<? super E>) c).compareTo((E) queue[right]) > 0)
c = queue[child = right];
if (key.compareTo((E) c) <= 0)
break;
queue[k] = c;
k = child;
}
queue[k] = key;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private void siftDownUsingComparator(int k, E x) {
int half = size >>> 1;
while (k < half) {
int child = (k << 1) + 1;
Object c = queue[child];
int right = child + 1;
if (right < size &&
comparator.compare((E) c, (E) queue[right]) > 0)
c = queue[child = right];
if (comparator.compare(x, (E) c) <= 0)
break;
queue[k] = c;
k = child;
}
queue[k] = x;
}
/**
* Establishes the heap invariant (described above) in the entire tree,
* assuming nothing about the order of the elements prior to the call.
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private void heapify() {
for (int i = (size >>> 1) - 1; i >= 0; i--)
siftDown(i, (E) queue[i]);
}
/**
* Returns the comparator used to order the elements in this
* queue, or {@code null} if this queue is sorted according to
* the {@linkplain Comparable natural ordering} of its elements.
*
* @return the comparator used to order this queue, or
* {@code null} if this queue is sorted according to the
* natural ordering of its elements
*/
public Comparator<? super E> comparator() {
return comparator;
}
/**
* Saves this queue to a stream (that is, serializes it).
*
* @serialData The length of the array backing the instance is
* emitted (int), followed by all of its elements
* (each an {@code Object}) in the proper order.
* @param s the stream
*/
private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
throws java.io.IOException {
// Write out element count, and any hidden stuff
s.defaultWriteObject();
// Write out array length, for compatibility with 1.5 version
s.writeInt(Math.max(2, size + 1));
// Write out all elements in the "proper order".
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
s.writeObject(queue[i]);
}
/**
* Reconstitutes the {@code PriorityQueue} instance from a stream
* (that is, deserializes it).
*
* @param s the stream
*/
private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
// Read in size, and any hidden stuff
s.defaultReadObject();
// Read in (and discard) array length
s.readInt();
SharedSecrets.getJavaOISAccess().checkArray(s, Object[].class, size);
queue = new Object[size];
// Read in all elements.
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
queue[i] = s.readObject();
// Elements are guaranteed to be in "proper order", but the
// spec has never explained what that might be.
heapify();
}
/**
* Creates a <em><a href="Spliterator.html#binding">late-binding</a></em>
* and <em>fail-fast</em> {@link Spliterator} over the elements in this
* queue.
*
* <p>The {@code Spliterator} reports {@link Spliterator#SIZED},
* {@link Spliterator#SUBSIZED}, and {@link Spliterator#NONNULL}.
* Overriding implementations should document the reporting of additional
* characteristic values.
*
* @return a {@code Spliterator} over the elements in this queue
* @since 1.8
*/
public final Spliterator<E> spliterator() {
return new PriorityQueueSpliterator<E>(this, 0, -1, 0);
}
static final class PriorityQueueSpliterator<E> implements Spliterator<E> {
/*
* This is very similar to ArrayList Spliterator, except for
* extra null checks.
*/
private final PriorityQueue<E> pq;
private int index; // current index, modified on advance/split
private int fence; // -1 until first use
private int expectedModCount; // initialized when fence set
/** Creates new spliterator covering the given range */
PriorityQueueSpliterator(PriorityQueue<E> pq, int origin, int fence,
int expectedModCount) {
this.pq = pq;
this.index = origin;
this.fence = fence;
this.expectedModCount = expectedModCount;
}
private int getFence() { // initialize fence to size on first use
int hi;
if ((hi = fence) < 0) {
expectedModCount = pq.modCount;
hi = fence = pq.size;
}
return hi;
}
public PriorityQueueSpliterator<E> trySplit() {
int hi = getFence(), lo = index, mid = (lo + hi) >>> 1;
return (lo >= mid) ? null :
new PriorityQueueSpliterator<E>(pq, lo, index = mid,
expectedModCount);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super E> action) {
int i, hi, mc; // hoist accesses and checks from loop
PriorityQueue<E> q; Object[] a;
if (action == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
if ((q = pq) != null && (a = q.queue) != null) {
if ((hi = fence) < 0) {
mc = q.modCount;
hi = q.size;
}
else
mc = expectedModCount;
if ((i = index) >= 0 && (index = hi) <= a.length) {
for (E e;; ++i) {
if (i < hi) {
if ((e = (E) a[i]) == null) // must be CME
break;
action.accept(e);
}
else if (q.modCount != mc)
break;
else
return;
}
}
}
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
public boolean tryAdvance(Consumer<? super E> action) {
if (action == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
int hi = getFence(), lo = index;
if (lo >= 0 && lo < hi) {
index = lo + 1;
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E)pq.queue[lo];
if (e == null)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
action.accept(e);
if (pq.modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
return true;
}
return false;
}
public long estimateSize() {
return (long) (getFence() - index);
}
public int characteristics() {
return Spliterator.SIZED | Spliterator.SUBSIZED | Spliterator.NONNULL;
}
}
}
PriorityQueue
最新推荐文章于 2022-12-26 14:50:34 发布