Spring源码分析+图解--Spring如何解决循环依赖的，为什么要用三级缓存

宏观背景

在了解循环依赖之前，我们先宏观的温习一下bean生命周期，即Spring中Bean的创建过程。
看过spring源码的应该都有注意到BeanFactory中有一段长长的注释，是Spring官方给我们提供的，推荐的Bean的生命周期的顺序。

 * <p>Bean factory implementations should support the standard bean lifecycle interfaces
 * as far as possible. The full set of initialization methods and their standard order is:
 * <ol>
 * <li>BeanNameAware's {@code setBeanName}
 * <li>BeanClassLoaderAware's {@code setBeanClassLoader}
 * <li>BeanFactoryAware's {@code setBeanFactory}
 * <li>EnvironmentAware's {@code setEnvironment}
 * <li>EmbeddedValueResolverAware's {@code setEmbeddedValueResolver}
 * <li>ResourceLoaderAware's {@code setResourceLoader}
 * (only applicable when running in an application context)
 * <li>ApplicationEventPublisherAware's {@code setApplicationEventPublisher}
 * (only applicable when running in an application context)
 * <li>MessageSourceAware's {@code setMessageSource}
 * (only applicable when running in an application context)
 * <li>ApplicationContextAware's {@code setApplicationContext}
 * (only applicable when running in an application context)
 * <li>ServletContextAware's {@code setServletContext}
 * (only applicable when running in a web application context)
 * <li>{@code postProcessBeforeInitialization} methods of BeanPostProcessors
 * <li>InitializingBean's {@code afterPropertiesSet}
 * <li>a custom {@code init-method} definition
 * <li>{@code postProcessAfterInitialization} methods of BeanPostProcessors
 * </ol>
 *
 * <p>On shutdown of a bean factory, the following lifecycle methods apply:
 * <ol>
 * <li>{@code postProcessBeforeDestruction} methods of DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessors
 * <li>DisposableBean's {@code destroy}
 * <li>a custom {@code destroy-method} definition
 * </ol>
 *  *
 * @author Rod Johnson
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @author Chris Beams
 * @since 13 April 2001
 * @see BeanNameAware#setBeanName
 * @see BeanClassLoaderAware#setBeanClassLoader
 * @see BeanFactoryAware#setBeanFactory
 * @see org.springframework.context.EnvironmentAware#setEnvironment
 * @see org.springframework.context.EmbeddedValueResolverAware#setEmbeddedValueResolver
 * @see org.springframework.context.ResourceLoaderAware#setResourceLoader
 * @see org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisherAware#setApplicationEventPublisher
 * @see org.springframework.context.MessageSourceAware#setMessageSource
 * @see org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware#setApplicationContext
 * @see org.springframework.web.context.ServletContextAware#setServletContext
 * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor#postProcessBeforeInitialization
 * @see InitializingBean#afterPropertiesSet
 * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition#getInitMethodName
 * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor#postProcessAfterInitialization
 * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor#postProcessBeforeDestruction
 * @see DisposableBean#destroy
 * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition#getDestroyMethodName
 */

上一篇我们简单的梳理了一下Spring创建Bean的流程

今天我们来简单的梳理一下Spring是如何解决循环依赖的

循环依赖的类图

这里举一个简单的例子，A类中有一个成员变量是B，B类中有一个成员变量是A。
他们之间互相引用，形成了简单的循环依赖。

Spring如何解决循环依赖的？

宏观流程图梳理

我们都知道Spring源码的方法中很多都是用来进行健壮性判断，而真正干活的是doXXX的方法，下面我们重点看一些关键性的代码。
创建Bean的方法

	protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {
   //......此处省略部分代码

		try {
			// 实际创建bean的调用
			Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
			}
			return beanInstance;
		}
		catch (BeanCreationException | ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) {
			// A previously detected exception with proper bean creation context already,
			// or illegal singleton state to be communicated up to DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.
			throw ex;
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Unexpected exception during bean creation", ex);
		}
	}

DoCreateBean方法

protected Object doCreateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {
        //此处省略部分代码
		// 获取factoryBean实例缓存
		if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
			// 如果是单例对象，从factorybean实例缓存中移除当前bean定义信息
			instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
		}
		// 没有就创建实例
		if (instanceWrapper == null) {
			// 根据执行bean使用对应的策略创建新的实例，如，工厂方法，构造函数主动注入、简单初始化
			instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
		}
		// 从包装类中获取原始bean
		Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
		// 获取具体的bean对象的Class属性
		Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
		// 如果不等于NullBean类型，那么修改目标类型
		if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
			mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
		}

		// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
		// 允许beanPostProcessor去修改合并的beanDefinition
		synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
			if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
				try {
					// MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor后置处理器修改合并bean的定义
					applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
				}
				catch (Throwable ex) {
					throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
							"Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
				}
				mbd.postProcessed = true;
			}
		}
		// 判断当前bean是否需要提前曝光：单例&允许循环依赖&当前bean正在创建中，检测循环依赖
		boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
				isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
		if (earlySingletonExposure) {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
						"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
			}
			// 为避免后期循环依赖，可以在bean初始化完成前将创建实例的ObjectFactory加入工厂
			addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
		}

		// Initialize the bean instance.
		// 初始化bean实例
		Object exposedObject = bean;
		try {
			// 对bean的属性进行填充，将各个属性值注入，其中，可能存在依赖于其他bean的属性，则会递归初始化依赖的bean
			populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
			// 执行初始化逻辑
			exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
				throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
			}
			else {
				throw new BeanCreationException(
						mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
			}
		}

		if (earlySingletonExposure) {
			// 从缓存中获取具体的对象
			Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
			// earlySingletonReference只有在检测到有循环依赖的情况下才会不为空
			if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
				// 如果exposedObject没有在初始化方法中被改变，也就是没有被增强
				if (exposedObject == bean) {
					exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
				}
				else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
					String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
					Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
					for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
						// 返回false说明依赖还没实例化好
						if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
							actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
						}
					}
					// 因为bean创建后所依赖的bean一定是已经创建的
					// actualDependentBeans不为空则表示当前bean创建后其依赖的bean却没有全部创建完，也就是说存在循环依赖
					if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
						throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
								"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
								StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
								"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
								"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
								"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
								"'getBeanNamesForType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// Register bean as disposable.
		try {
			// 注册bean对象，方便后续在容器销毁的时候销毁对象
			registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
		}
		catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
		}

		return exposedObject;
	}