seataAT模式实现分布式事务

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已于 2023-03-26 21:03:11 修改

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分类专栏： springcloud 文章标签：分布式 java spring boot

于 2022-06-12 17:58:34 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Erica_java/article/details/125246652

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0.概念

在这里插入图片描述

1.下载seata-server1.4.2

链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1c5fYBPDPAOXFgwttlaCqng?pwd=ovun 提取码: ovun

2.解压之后修改配置文件

2.1 registry.conf的注册方式和配置方式改为nacos对应配置

registry {
  # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
  type = "nacos"

  nacos {
    application = "seata-server"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    namespace = ""
    cluster = "default"
    username = "nacos"
    password = "nacos"
  }
}
config {
  # file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
  type = "nacos"

  nacos {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
    namespace = ""
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    username = "nacos"
    password = "nacos"
    dataId = "seataServer.properties"
  }
}

2.2 修改file.conf文件 mode改为db 修改对应数据库url、账号、密码

store {
  ## store mode: file、db、redis
  mode = "db"
  ## rsa decryption public key
  publicKey = ""
  ## file store property
  file {
    ## store location dir
    dir = "sessionStore"
    # branch session size , if exceeded first try compress lockkey, still exceeded throws exceptions
    maxBranchSessionSize = 16384
    # globe session size , if exceeded throws exceptions
    maxGlobalSessionSize = 512
    # file buffer size , if exceeded allocate new buffer
    fileWriteBufferCacheSize = 16384
    # when recover batch read size
    sessionReloadReadSize = 100
    # async, sync
    flushDiskMode = async
  }

  ## database store property
  db {
    ## the implement of javax.sql.DataSource, such as DruidDataSource(druid)/BasicDataSource(dbcp)/HikariDataSource(hikari) etc.
    datasource = "druid"
    ## mysql/oracle/postgresql/h2/oceanbase etc.
    dbType = "mysql"
    driverClassName = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
    ## if using mysql to store the data, recommend add rewriteBatchedStatements=true in jdbc connection param
    url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata?rewriteBatchedStatements=true"
    user = "root"
    password = "123456"
    minConn = 5
    maxConn = 100
    maxConn = 100
    globalTable = "global_table"
    branchTable = "branch_table"
    lockTable = "lock_table"
    queryLimit = 100
    maxWait = 5000
  }
}

2.3 创建数据库 seata 并且创建三张表，每个业务库都要有一张undo_log表

-- -------------------------------- The script used when storeMode is 'db' --------------------------------
-- the table to store GlobalSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `global_table`
(
    `xid`                       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `transaction_id`            BIGINT,
    `status`                    TINYINT      NOT NULL,
    `application_id`            VARCHAR(32),
    `transaction_service_group` VARCHAR(32),
    `transaction_name`          VARCHAR(128),
    `timeout`                   INT,
    `begin_time`                BIGINT,
    `application_data`          VARCHAR(2000),
    `gmt_create`                DATETIME,
    `gmt_modified`              DATETIME,
    PRIMARY KEY (`xid`),
    KEY `idx_gmt_modified_status` (`gmt_modified`, `status`),
    KEY `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;

-- the table to store BranchSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `branch_table`
(
    `branch_id`         BIGINT       NOT NULL,
    `xid`               VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `transaction_id`    BIGINT,
    `resource_group_id` VARCHAR(32),
    `resource_id`       VARCHAR(256),
    `branch_type`       VARCHAR(8),
    `status`            TINYINT,
    `client_id`         VARCHAR(64),
    `application_data`  VARCHAR(2000),
    `gmt_create`        DATETIME(6),
    `gmt_modified`      DATETIME(6),
    PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`),
    KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;

-- the table to store lock data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `lock_table`
(
    `row_key`        VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `xid`            VARCHAR(96),
    `transaction_id` BIGINT,
    `branch_id`      BIGINT       NOT NULL,
    `resource_id`    VARCHAR(256),
    `table_name`     VARCHAR(32),
    `pk`             VARCHAR(36),
    `gmt_create`     DATETIME,
    `gmt_modified`   DATETIME,
    PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`),
    KEY `idx_branch_id` (`branch_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;

每一个业务库都创建一张undo_log日志表，此表记录事务提交前的快照，用于回滚

-- for AT mode you must to init this sql for you business database. the seata server not need it.
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `undo_log`
(
    `branch_id`     BIGINT(20)   NOT NULL COMMENT 'branch transaction id',
    `xid`           VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT 'global transaction id',
    `context`       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'undo_log context,such as serialization',
    `rollback_info` LONGBLOB     NOT NULL COMMENT 'rollback info',
    `log_status`    INT(11)      NOT NULL COMMENT '0:normal status,1:defense status',
    `log_created`   DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'create datetime',
    `log_modified`  DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'modify datetime',
    UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`, `branch_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  AUTO_INCREMENT = 1
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8 COMMENT ='AT transaction mode undo table';

3.启动nacos，上传配置

seata-server会往nacos进行注册
在这里插入图片描述
3.1 上传配置到nacos
从v1.4.2版本开始，已支持从一个Nacos dataId中获取所有配置信息,你只需要额外添加一个dataId配置项。
在nacos创建dataId为seataServer.properties的配置项

完整配置内容如下

transport.type=TCP
transport.server=NIO
transport.heartbeat=true
transport.enableClientBatchSendRequest=false
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadPrefix=NettyBoss
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadPrefix=NettyServerNIOWorker
transport.threadFactory.serverExecutorThreadPrefix=NettyServerBizHandler
transport.threadFactory.shareBossWorker=false
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadPrefix=NettyClientSelector
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.clientWorkerThreadPrefix=NettyClientWorkerThread
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadSize=default
transport.shutdown.wait=3
service.vgroupMapping.myGroup=default
service.default.grouplist=127.0.0.1:8091
service.enableDegrade=false
service.disableGlobalTransaction=false
client.rm.asyncCommitBufferLimit=10000
client.rm.lock.retryInterval=10
client.rm.lock.retryTimes=30
client.rm.lock.retryPolicyBranchRollbackOnConflict=true
client.rm.reportRetryCount=5
client.rm.tableMetaCheckEnable=false
client.rm.sqlParserType=druid
client.rm.reportSuccessEnable=false
client.rm.sagaBranchRegisterEnable=false
client.tm.commitRetryCount=5
client.tm.rollbackRetryCount=5
client.tm.defaultGlobalTransactionTimeout=60000
client.tm.degradeCheck=false
client.tm.degradeCheckAllowTimes=10
client.tm.degradeCheckPeriod=2000
store.mode=db
store.file.dir=file_store/data
store.file.maxBranchSessionSize=16384
store.file.maxGlobalSessionSize=512
store.file.fileWriteBufferCacheSize=16384
store.file.flushDiskMode=async
store.file.sessionReloadReadSize=100
store.db.datasource=druid
store.db.dbType=mysql
store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata?useUnicode=true 
store.db.user=root
store.db.password=123456
store.db.minConn=5
store.db.maxConn=30
store.db.globalTable=global_table
store.db.branchTable=branch_table
store.db.queryLimit=100
store.db.lockTable=lock_table
store.db.maxWait=5000
store.redis.host=127.0.0.1
store.redis.port=6379
store.redis.maxConn=10
store.redis.minConn=1
store.redis.database=0
store.redis.password=null
store.redis.queryLimit=100
server.recovery.committingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.asynCommittingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.rollbackingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.timeoutRetryPeriod=1000
server.maxCommitRetryTimeout=-1
server.maxRollbackRetryTimeout=-1
server.rollbackRetryTimeoutUnlockEnable=false
client.undo.dataValidation=true
client.undo.logSerialization=jackson
client.undo.onlyCareUpdateColumns=true
server.undo.logSaveDays=7
server.undo.logDeletePeriod=86400000
client.undo.logTable=undo_log
client.log.exceptionRate=100
transport.serialization=seata
transport.compressor=none
metrics.enabled=false
metrics.registryType=compact
metrics.exporterList=prometheus
metrics.exporterPrometheusPort=9898

注意需要修改的地方

service.vgroupMapping.myGroup=default    myGroup是事务组名，可以自定义，后面要用到
store.mode=db
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata?useUnicode=true 
store.db.user=root
store.db.password=123456

到此seata的所有配置完成

4.spring cloud alibaba集成

4.1创建项目cloud-alibaba-starter-seata-order(下订单)和cloud-alibaba-starter-seata-product(扣库存)
4.2分别引入依赖，application.yml文件中添加配置

<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
	<exclusions>
   	<exclusion>
       <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
       <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
   </exclusion>
	</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.4.2</version>
</dependency>

application.yml文件 2个项目都要加

server:
  port: 8095


spring:
  application:
    name: service-seata-order
  #######  数据源的相关配置
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource          # 数据源类型：druid
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver          # mysql驱动
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/cloud_alibaba_starter?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true
    username: root
    password: 123456
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848

mybatis-plus:
  mapper-locations: classpath*:/mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.levi.pojo
  configuration:
    log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl

# 单独某个服务的feign配置
feign:
  client:
    config:
      # 配置服务提供者的名称
      service-order:
        loggerLevel: FULL     # 日志级别
#        connectTimeout: 1000  # 连接超时时间
#        readTimeout: 2000     # 读取超时时间

seata:
  tx-service-group: myGroup     #事务组名称，要和nacos配置中的对应
  service:
    vgroup-mapping:
      myGroup: default          #key是事务组名称  value要和服务端的机房名称保持一致

测试添加注解@GlobalTransactional

package com.levi.controller;

import com.levi.client.ProductClient;
import com.levi.service.OrderService;
import io.seata.spring.annotation.GlobalTransactional;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * @author shentong
 * @since 2022/6/12 11:41 AM
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("order")
public class OrderController {
    @Resource
    private OrderService orderService;

    @Resource
    private ProductClient productClient;


    @GetMapping("create")
    @GlobalTransactional
    public boolean create(@RequestParam Integer productId,
                            @RequestParam Integer count){
        orderService.create(productId, count);
        productClient.decut(productId, count);
        // 执行到这里两个服务的事务都已经提交了，下面抛出异常之后就会全局回滚
        int i = 1 / 0;
        return true;
    }
}