Centos7安装MySQL5.7图文解析 (附MySQL安装包官网地址及MySQL5.7安装手册)

/ 前言 /

目前MySQL最高版本为8.0, 但是使用较少, 本文主要分享MySQL5.7的安装流程, 并附有MySQL官网下载地址

/ 1 / 安装前准备

1 . 检查是否已安装MySQL

rpm -qa |grep -i mysql

如果有显示如下所示信息请先卸载MySQL

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa |grep -i mysql
mysql-community-libs-5.7.30-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.30-1.el7.x86_64
mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch
mysql-community-common-5.7.30-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-5.7.30-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-5.7.30-1.el7.x86_64

卸载命令

yum -y remove mysql-community-libs-5.7.30-1.el7.x86_64
yum -y remove mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.30-1.el7.x86_64
yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch
...

2 . 下载MySQL安装包

MySQL官网下载地址
根据操作系统版本选择对应的rpm包

使用wget命令下载安装包

wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

/ 2 / 开始安装

1 . 添加MySQL Yum存储库

sudo yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

2 . 选择发行系列(可跳过)

可以选择安装哪个版本的MySQL

yum repolist all | grep mysql
# 关闭5.7版本
sudo yum-config-manager --disable mysql57-community
# 打开5.6版本
sudo yum-config-manager --enable mysql56-community

3 . 安装MySQL

sudo yum -y install mysql-community-server

4 . 启动MySQL

# 启动MySQL服务
sudo service mysqld start
Starting mysqld:[ OK ]

# 查看MySQL状态
sudo service mysqld status
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sun 2020-05-17 08:50:34 EDT; 22min ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 7104 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 7068 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 7111 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─7111 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

/ 3 / 登录MySQl

1 . 查看默认root用户密码

sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
[root@localhost ~]# sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: zyrBDGiuE6=i

2 . 登录

mysql -uroot -pzyrBDGiuE6=i

在登录时MySQL会显示一条警告

mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

这个是MySQL希望为了安全起见, 在使用命令行登录时不要把密码明文展示在终端中, 不需要管

3. 修改默认密码

MySQL5.7有默认的密码策略

validate_password 默认情况下已安装。实施的默认密码策略validate_password要求密码至少包含一个大写字母，一个小写字母，一位数字和一个特殊字符，并且密码总长度至少为8个字符。

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';

不想按照这个策略创建密码可以修改MySQL的密码策略

# 修改策略为最低级别
set global validate_password_policy=0;
# 修改密码长度
set global validate_password_length=4;

参考文章
MySQL 5.7参考手册