C#操作句柄，实现自动输入功能

啥是句柄？

     简单粗暴的讲句柄就是程序在运行过程中的一个对象标识，可以通过此标识来找到相应的对象，进而进行控制处理；需要注意的是句柄并不是一成不变的，前一次运行的程序句柄和后一次执行的句柄可能完全不一样；

简单的应用案例

     有A窗体程序在运行也不支持中间件，但B程序还想将一部分数据跑送到A程序中，类似这样的问题就可以用句柄来解决

   示例： A窗体程序如下所示

   

    主要功能：只要有数据输入到文本框，回车后会自动加入到下面的list标签中，代码如下所示 

 private void textBox1_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
 {
     if (e.KeyChar == (char)Keys.Enter)
     {
        this.listBox1.Items.Add(textBox1.Text);
        textBox1.Text = "";
        textBox1.Focus();
      }
  }

到咱们核心的程序了，如何通过句柄进行控制，这种代码网上一堆一堆，

引入user32.dll，声明代码如下：

[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetCursorPos")]
public static extern bool GetCursorPos(out Point pt);
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "WindowFromPoint")]
public static extern IntPtr WindowFromPoint(Point pt);
[DllImport("shell32.dll")]
public static extern int ShellExecute(IntPtr hwnd, StringBuilder lpszOp, StringBuilder lpszFile, StringBuilder lpszParams, StringBuilder lpszDir, int FsShowCmd);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern bool EnumWindows(WNDENUMPROC lpEnumFunc, int lParam);
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] 
public static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int msg, int wParam, string lparam);

[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindow", SetLastError = true)]//查找窗口      
private static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName);

[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern int GetWindowText(IntPtr hWnd, StringBuilder lpString, int nMaxCount);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern int GetWindowTextW(IntPtr hWnd, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]StringBuilder lpString, int nMaxCount);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern int GetClassNameW(IntPtr hWnd, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]StringBuilder lpString, int nMaxCount);
private delegate bool WNDENUMPROC(IntPtr hWnd, int lParam);
 //查找子控件
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindowEx", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern IntPtr FindWindowEx(IntPtr hwndParent, IntPtr hwndChildAfter, string lpszClass, string lpszWindow);
//发送消息
[DllImport("User32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendMessage")]
private static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int Msg, IntPtr wParam, string lParam);
[DllImport("User32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendMessage")]
private static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int Msg, int wParam, int lParam);
[DllImport("User32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendMessage")]
private static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int Msg, IntPtr wParam);
[DllImport("User32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendMessage")]
public static extern IntPtr SendMessage(IntPtr hwnd, int wMsg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);
 //窗口置顶
[DllImport("USER32.DLL")]
public static extern bool SetForegroundWindow(IntPtr hWnd);
//遍历子控件
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern int EnumChildWindows(IntPtr hWndParent, CallBack lpfn, int lParam);
//回调函数
public delegate bool CallBack(IntPtr hwnd, int lParam);

获取窗体句柄的代码

//用到的两个结构体
 public struct WindowInfo
    {
        public IntPtr hWnd;
        public string szWindowName;
        public string szClassName;
    }
    public struct ControInfo
    {
        public IntPtr hWnd;
        public string ControName;
        public string ClassName;
    }

      
  /// <summary>
        /// 根据名称获取对应的窗体
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="soft"></param>
        /// <param name="classname"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static IntPtr FindWindowInfo(string soft, string classname = "")
        {
            WindowInfo[] a = GetAllDesktopWindows();
            int i = 0;
            int index = 0;
            for (i = 0; i < a.Length; i++)
            {
                if (!classname.Equals(""))
                {
                    if (a[i].szWindowName.ToString().Contains(soft) && classname == a[i].szClassName.ToString())
                    {
                        index = i;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    if (a[i].szWindowName.ToString().Contains(soft))
                    {
                        index = i;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            if (i == 0)
            {
                return (IntPtr)0;
            }
            return a[index].hWnd;
        }
      
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据句柄获取对应的控件信息
        /// </summary>        
        public static ControInfo[] GetALLControls(IntPtr parent)
        {
            List<ControInfo> ConList = new List<ControInfo>();
            EnumChildWindows(parent, delegate (IntPtr hWnd, int lParam)
            {
                ControInfo wnd = new ControInfo();
                wnd.hWnd = hWnd;
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(256);
                GetClassNameW(hWnd, sb, sb.Capacity);
                wnd.ClassName = sb.ToString();            
                GetWindowTextW(hWnd, sb, sb.Capacity);
                wnd.ControName = sb.ToString();
                ConList.Add(wnd);
                return true;
            }, 0);
            return ConList.ToArray();
        }

核心的输入代码

 private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //根据窗体名称Form1，找到对应的句柄
            IntPtr intPtr1 = FindWindowInfo("Form1");
            if (intPtr1 != IntPtr.Zero)
            {                       
                //根据窗体句柄找到对应的控件信息
                ControInfo[] xxxx = GetALLControls(intPtr1);
                foreach (var item in xxxx)
                {
                    //根据控件的句柄信息，判断哪个是文本输入框
                    IntPtr input = FindWindowEx(intPtr1, item.hWnd, null, null);
                    if (input == IntPtr.Zero)
                    {   //注入文字
                        SendMessage(item.hWnd, WM_SETTEXT, IntPtr.Zero, "我是测试");      
                        //输入回车符
                      //  SendKeys.Send("{ENTER}");可以用这个方式，但是这种方式受限光标在哪可以
                         SendMessage(item.hWnd, WM_CHAR, 0, VK_RETURN);
                        SendMessage(item.hWnd, WM_CHAR, (IntPtr)VK_RETURN, IntPtr.Zero);//Enter                      
                    }                   
                }
            }
        }
        private const int WM_KEYDOWN = 0X100;
        private const int WM_KEYUP = 0X101;
        private const int WM_SYSCHAR = 0X106;
        private const int WM_SYSKEYUP = 0X105;
        private const int WM_SYSKEYDOWN = 0X104;
        private const int WM_CHAR = 0X102;
        private const int VK_RETURN = 0X0d;

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C#操作句柄，实现自动输入功能