SpringMVC实现文件上传

1. 文件上传三要素

• 表单项type="file"
• 表单的提交方式是post
• 表单的enctype属性是多部分的表单形式，及enctype="multipat/form-data"

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/quick22" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        文件<input type="file" name="upload"><br/>
        <input type="submit">
    </form>

2.文件上传原理

• 当form表单修改为多部分表单时，request.getParameter()将失效
• enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded"时，form表单的正文内容格式是：
  key=value&key=value&key=value
• 当form表单的enctype取值为Mutilpart/form-data时，请求正文内容就变成多部分形式

3.文件上传步骤

• 在pom.xml中导入fileupload和io坐标

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
    
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->
	<dependency>
	    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
	    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
	    <version>2.4</version>
	</dependency>

• 在springmvc.xml中配置文件上传解析器

<!--    配置文件上传解析器-->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!--        上传文件总大小-->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="5242800"></property>
<!--        上传单个文件的大小-->
        <property name="maxUploadSizePerFile" value="5242800"></property>
<!--        上传文件的编码类型-->
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property>
    </bean>

• 编写文件上传代码

	//单文件上传
	@RequestMapping(value = "/quick22")
    @ResponseBody
    public void save22(MultipartFile uploadFile,HttpSession session) {
        //获取文件上传的名称
        String originalFilename = uploadFile.getOriginalFilename();
        //获取当前工作路径下一个upload目录转换为绝对路径
        String path = session.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        //进行路径拼接 相当于path+/+originalFilename
        File file = new File(path,originalFilename);
        if (!file.exists()) {
            file.mkdirs();
        }
        try {
            uploadFile.transferTo(file);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

	//多文件上传
	@RequestMapping(value = "/quick23")
    @ResponseBody
    public void save23(MultipartFile[] uploadFile,HttpSession session) {
        //获取当前工作路径下一个upload目录转换为绝对路径
        String path = session.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload/");
        File file = new File(path);
        if (!file.exists()) {
            file.mkdirs();
        }
        for (MultipartFile multipartFile : uploadFile) {
            String originalFilename = multipartFile.getOriginalFilename();
            try {
                multipartFile.transferTo(new File(path,originalFilename));
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }