jdk11——新的HttpClient

jdk11使用了一个新的HttpClient来更方便快捷的处理http请求和响应，新的httpclient支持HTTP/1.1和HTTP/2协议，也支持异步请求，支持websocket请求，可以使用连接池处理，API也支持流式调用，代码更简洁明了；

测试demo：

先写一个简单的httpserver用于测试http请求：

    @BeforeEach
	void beforetest() {
		System.out.println("===before===");
		try {
			HttpServer server = HttpServer.create(new InetSocketAddress(9999), 0);
			server.createContext("/", new HttpHandler(){

				@Override
				public void handle(HttpExchange exchange) throws IOException {
					String exchangeUrl = exchange.getRequestURI().toString().substring(1);
					System.out.println("__"
							+ "exchangeUrl=" + exchangeUrl);
					Headers headers = exchange.getRequestHeaders();
					
					headers.forEach((k, v) -> System.out.println("_Header:" + k + "=" + v));
					InputStream body = exchange.getRequestBody();
					System.out.println("__RequestBody:" + new String(body.readAllBytes()));
					exchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, 0);
					OutputStream os = exchange.getResponseBody();
					
					try {
						os.write("test".getBytes());
					} catch (Exception e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}finally {
						os.close();
					}
				}
				
			});
			server.setExecutor(Executors.newCachedThreadPool());
			server.start();
			System.out.println("http start");
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

测试http请求的代码：

    @Test
	void test() {
		System.out.println("===test===");
		try {
			HttpClient client = HttpClient.newBuilder()
					.version(Version.HTTP_1_1)
//					.version(Version.HTTP_2)
					.connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(5))
//					.proxy(proxySelector)
//					.authenticator(authenticator)
//					.sslContext(sslContext)
//					.followRedirects(Redirect.NEVER)
//					.executor(Executors.newCachedThreadPool())
					.build();
			HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
//					.version(Version.HTTP_1_1)
					.timeout(Duration.ofSeconds(3))
					.header("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=UTF-8")
					.header("hello", "world")
					.uri(URI.create("http://192.168.1.30:9999/xyz?a=1&b=2"))
//					.GET()
					.POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("HELLO WORLD"))
					.build();
			HttpResponse<String> res = client.send(request, BodyHandlers.ofString());
			System.out.println(res);
			System.out.println(res.body());
			
			System.out.println("开始异步请求：");
			client.sendAsync(request, BodyHandlers.ofString())
					.thenApply(r -> r)
					.thenAccept(r -> {
						System.out.println("异步statusCode：" + r.statusCode());
						System.out.println("异步返回body：" + r.body());
					});
			System.out.println("异步请求结束。");
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

执行结果：

测试websocket请求，先写一个websocket服务端用于测试，我写的服务端收到消息后自动返回“你好”，httpClient的代码，发送三次消息：

@Test
	void test2() {
		HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient();
		try {
			WebSocket webSocket = client.newWebSocketBuilder()
					.connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(3))
					.buildAsync(new URI("ws://192.168.1.30:80/test"), new Listener() {
						@Override
						public void onOpen(WebSocket webSocket) {
							webSocket.request(1);
							System.out.println("onOpen：" + webSocket);
						}
						@Override
						public CompletionStage<?> onText(WebSocket webSocket, CharSequence data, boolean last) {
							webSocket.request(1);
							System.out.println("onText:" + data);
							return null;
						}
						@Override
						public CompletionStage<?> onClose(WebSocket webSocket, int statusCode, String reason) {
							System.out.println("onClose:" + statusCode + reason);
							webSocket.sendClose(statusCode, reason);
							return null;
						}
						@Override
						public void onError(WebSocket webSocket, Throwable error) {
							System.out.println("onError");
							webSocket.abort();
						}
					}).join();
			
			for (var i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
				webSocket.sendText("clientTEST" + i, true);
				Thread.sleep(200);
			}
			webSocket.abort();
			Thread.sleep(200);
			System.out.println("EndTest");
		} catch (URISyntaxException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

运行结果：