Prototype 原型模式

实现原型模式需要实现标记性接口Cloneable 。

一般会重写clone()方法，如果只重写clone()方法而没有实现接口，调用是会抛异常。

一般用于一个对象的属性已经确定，需要产生许多相同对象的时候。

注意区分浅克隆和深克隆。

/**
 * 浅克隆
 */

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Person p1 = new Person();
        Person p2 = (Person)p1.clone();
        System.out.println(p2.age + " " + p2.score);
        System.out.println(p2.loc);

        //true 因为Location并没有克隆，还是指向同一个
        System.out.println(p1.loc == p2.loc);
        p1.loc.street = "sh";
        System.out.println(p2.loc);//p1的Location属性的改变会影响p2

    }
}

class Person implements Cloneable {
    int age = 8;
    int score = 100;

    Location loc = new Location("bj", 22);
    @Override
    public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }
}

class Location {
    String street;
    int roomNo;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Location{" +
                "street='" + street + '\'' +
                ", roomNo=" + roomNo +
                '}';
    }

    public Location(String street, int roomNo) {
        this.street = street;
        this.roomNo = roomNo;
    }
}

/**
 * 深克隆
 */
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Person p1 = new Person();
        Person p2 = (Person)p1.clone();
        System.out.println(p2.age + " " + p2.score);
        System.out.println(p2.loc);

        //false 因为Location也克隆了，不在指向同一个
        System.out.println(p1.loc == p2.loc);
        p1.loc.street = "sh";
        System.out.println(p2.loc);//p1的Location属性的改变不会影响p2
    }
}

class Person implements Cloneable {
    int age = 8;
    int score = 100;

    Location loc = new Location("bj", 22);
    @Override
    public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        Person p = (Person)super.clone();
        p.loc = (Location)loc.clone();
        return p;
    }
}

class Location implements Cloneable {
    String street;
    int roomNo;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Location{" +
                "street='" + street + '\'' +
                ", roomNo=" + roomNo +
                '}';
    }

    public Location(String street, int roomNo) {
        this.street = street;
        this.roomNo = roomNo;
    }

    @Override
    public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }
}