物联网设备通过MQTT协议连接云服务器实例（附源码）

环境

微控制器：ESP-32
传感器：LSM9DS1
IDE：Arduino1.8.9
云服务器：阿里云
协议：MQTT简介
功能：上传采集的螺旋仪信息，用于姿态检测

源码

这只是开发过程中的一次测试文件，感兴趣的可以进一步交流

#include <WiFi.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>
#include <ArduinoJson.h>
#include "DFRobot_Aliyun.h"
#include "Tone32.h"
#include <Wire.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <SparkFunLSM9DS1.h>
#include<cJSON.h>
LSM9DS1 imu;
#define PRINT_CALCULATED
#define PRINT_SPEED 250 // 250 ms between prints
static unsigned long lastPrint = 0; // Keep track of print time
#define DECLINATION -8.58 // Declination (degrees) in Boulder, CO.

const char* WIFI_SSID = "hhh";
const char* WIFI_PASSWORD = "888333111";
String ProductKey = "a1RLLmHnGhG";
String ClientId = "1";
String DeviceName = "taJza41qu4zF0SHu8Lr6";
String DeviceSecret = "27e1e25c4a0ce409f3929166e99c3fa3";
String ALIYUN_SERVER = "iot-as-mqtt.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com";
uint16_t PORT = 1883;
String Identifier = "GestureDetect";
const char* subTopic = "/sys/a1RLLmHnGhG/taJza41qu4zF0SHu8Lr6/thing/event/${tsl.event.identifer}/post_reply";//****set
const char* pubTopic = "/sys/a1RLLmHnGhG/taJza41qu4zF0SHu8Lr6/thing/event/property/post";//******post
//------------------------------------------传感器参数（全局变量）
int BUTTON_PIN = 1;
int irValue=random(65,75);
int beatsPerMinute=random(68,72);
int beatAvg=random(69,71);
int Latitude=34.1436;
int Longitude=108.5837;


//-------------------------------------------
DFRobot_Aliyun myAliyun;
WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient client(espClient);


void connectWiFi() {
  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.println(WIFI_SSID);
  WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD);
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
  Serial.println();
  Serial.println("WiFi connected");
  Serial.print("IP Adderss: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}

void callback(char* topic, byte* payload, unsigned int len) {
  Serial.print("Recevice [");
  Serial.print(topic);
  Serial.print("] ");
  for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    Serial.print((char)payload[i]);
  }
  Serial.println();
}

void ConnectAliyun() {
  while (!client.connected()) {
    Serial.print("Attempting MQTT connection...");
    /*根据自动计算的用户名和密码连接到Alinyun的设备，不需要更改*/
    if (client.connect(myAliyun.client_id, myAliyun.username, myAliyun.password)) {
      Serial.println("connected");
    }
    else {
      Serial.print("failed, rc=");
      Serial.print(client.state());
      Serial.println(" try again in 5 seconds");
      delay(5000);
    }
  }
}

char* createJSON(int id, int heading, int pitch, int roll,int irValue,int beatsPerMinute,int beatAvg,double Latitude,double Longitude) {
  char* jsonStr = NULL;
  cJSON* root = cJSON_CreateObject();

  cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, "id", cJSON_CreateNumber(id));  //添加id数据
  cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, "method", cJSON_CreateString("thing.event.property.post"));

  cJSON * params = cJSON_CreateObject();
  cJSON_AddItemToObject(params, "heading", cJSON_CreateNumber(heading));  //添加heading
  cJSON_AddItemToObject(params, "pitch", cJSON_CreateNumber(pitch));  //添加pitch
  cJSON_AddItemToObject(params, "roll", cJSON_CreateNumber(roll));   //添加roll
  cJSON_AddItemToObject(params, "irValue", cJSON_CreateNumber(irValue));
  cJSON_AddItemToObject(params, "beatsPerMinute", cJSON_CreateNumber(beatsPerMinute));
  cJSON_AddItemToObject(params, "beatAvg", cJSON_CreateNumber(beatAvg));
  cJSON_AddItemToObject(params, "Latitude", cJSON_CreateNumber(Latitude));
  cJSON_AddItemToObject(params, "Longitude", cJSON_CreateNumber(Longitude));
  
  cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, "params", params);        //添加params

  jsonStr = cJSON_Print(root);

  cJSON_Delete(root);

  return jsonStr;
}


void printGyro()
{
  // Now we can use the gx, gy, and gz variables as we please.
  // Either print them as raw ADC values, or calculated in DPS.
  Serial.print("G: ");
#ifdef PRINT_CALCULATED
  // If you want to print calculated values, you can use the
  // calcGyro helper function to convert a raw ADC value to
  // DPS. Give the function the value that you want to convert.
  Serial.print(imu.calcGyro(imu.gx), 2);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.print(imu.calcGyro(imu.gy), 2);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.print(imu.calcGyro(imu.gz), 2);
  Serial.println(" deg/s");
#elif defined PRINT_RAW
  Serial.print(imu.gx);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.print(imu.gy);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.println(imu.gz);
#endif
}

void printAccel()
{
  // Now we can use the ax, ay, and az variables as we please.
  // Either print them as raw ADC values, or calculated in g's.
  Serial.print("A: ");
#ifdef PRINT_CALCULATED
  // If you want to print calculated values, you can use the
  // calcAccel helper function to convert a raw ADC value to
  // g's. Give the function the value that you want to convert.
  Serial.print(imu.calcAccel(imu.ax), 2);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.print(imu.calcAccel(imu.ay), 2);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.print(imu.calcAccel(imu.az), 2);
  Serial.println(" g");
#elif defined PRINT_RAW
  Serial.print(imu.ax);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.print(imu.ay);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.println(imu.az);
#endif

}

void printMag()
{
  // Now we can use the mx, my, and mz variables as we please.
  // Either print them as raw ADC values, or calculated in Gauss.
  Serial.print("M: ");
#ifdef PRINT_CALCULATED
  // If you want to print calculated values, you can use the
  // calcMag helper function to convert a raw ADC value to
  // Gauss. Give the function the value that you want to convert.
  Serial.print(imu.calcMag(imu.mx), 2);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.print(imu.calcMag(imu.my), 2);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.print(imu.calcMag(imu.mz), 2);
  Serial.println(" gauss");
#elif defined PRINT_RAW
  Serial.print(imu.mx);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.print(imu.my);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.println(imu.mz);
#endif
}

void printAttitude(float ax, float ay, float az, float mx, float my, float mz)
{
  float roll = atan2(ay, az);
  float pitch = atan2(-ax, sqrt(ay * ay + az * az));

  float heading;
  if (my == 0)
    heading = (mx < 0) ? PI : 0;
  else
    heading = atan2(mx, my);

  heading -= DECLINATION * PI / 180;

  if (heading > PI) heading -= (2 * PI);
  else if (heading < -PI) heading += (2 * PI);

  // Convert everything from radians to degrees:
  heading *= 180.0 / PI;
  pitch *= 180.0 / PI;
  roll *= 180.0 / PI;
  int irValue=random(65,75);
  int beatsPerMinute=random(68,72);
  int beatAvg=random(69,71);
  
  Serial.print("Pitch, Roll: ");
  Serial.print(pitch, 2);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.println(roll, 2);
  Serial.print("Heading: "); Serial.println(heading, 2);
  client.publish(pubTopic, createJSON(1, heading,pitch,roll,irValue,beatsPerMinute,beatAvg,Latitude,Longitude));
}



void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(115200);

  Wire.begin(21, 22);

  connectWiFi();

  myAliyun.init(ALIYUN_SERVER, ProductKey, ClientId, DeviceName, DeviceSecret);

  client.setServer(myAliyun.mqtt_server, PORT);

  client.setCallback(callback);

  ConnectAliyun();

  if (imu.begin() == false) // with no arguments, this uses default addresses (AG:0x6B, M:0x1E) and i2c port (Wire).
  {
    Serial.println("Failed to communicate with LSM9DS1.");
    Serial.println("Double-check wiring.");
    Serial.println("Default settings in this sketch will " \
      "work for an out of the box LSM9DS1 " \
      "Breakout, but may need to be modified " \
      "if the board jumpers are.");
    while (1);
  }
}

void loop()
{
  if (imu.gyroAvailable())
  {
    imu.readGyro();
  }

  if (imu.accelAvailable())
  {
    imu.readAccel();
  }

  if (imu.magAvailable())
  {
    imu.readMag();
  }

  if ((lastPrint + PRINT_SPEED) < millis())
  {
    printGyro();  // Print "G: gx, gy, gz"
    printAccel(); // Print "A: ax, ay, az"
    printMag();   // Print "M: mx, my, mz"
    printAttitude(imu.ax, imu.ay, imu.az,
      -imu.my, -imu.mx, imu.mz);
    Serial.println();
    lastPrint = millis(); // Update lastPrint time
  }
  if (BUTTON_PIN == 1) {
    /*上报按钮的状态*/
    client.publish(pubTopic, ("{\"id\":" + ClientId + ",\"params\":{\"" + Identifier + "\":1},\"method\":\"thing.event.property.post\"}").c_str());
    delay(1000);
  }
  else {
  }
  client.loop();
}