function download(src) {
var $a = document.createElement('a');
$a.setAttribute("href", src);
$a.setAttribute("download", "");
var evObj = document.createEvent('MouseEvents');
evObj.initMouseEvent( 'click', true, true, window, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, false, false, true, false, 0, null);
$a.dispatchEvent(evObj);
};
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" οnclick=" download(src)" >下载</button>
src为图片地址,src='http://localhost:8080/aaa/bbb/ccc/20170517111819.png';