定义IllegalScoreException
异常类,代表分数相加后超出合理范围的异常。该异常是checked exception
,即希望该异常一定要被捕获处理。
定义IllegalNameException
异常类,代表名字设置不合理的异常。该异常是unchecked exception
定义Student
类。
属性:
private String name;
private int score;
方法:
toString //自动生成
setter/getter //自动生成
改造setName //如果姓名首字母为数字则抛出IllegalNameException
public int addScore(int score) //如果加分后分数<0 或>100,则抛出IllegalScoreException,加分不成功。
main方法:
- 输入
new
则新建学生对象。然后输入一行学生数据,格式为姓名 年龄
,接着调用setName,addScore。否则跳出循环。 - setName不成功则抛出异常,并打印异常信息,然后继续下一行的处理。
- addScore不成功则抛出异常,并打印异常信息,然后继续下一行的处理。如果2、3都成功,则打印学生信息(
toString
) - 如果在解析学生数据行的时候发生其他异常,则打印异常信息,然后继续下一行的处理。
- Scanner也是一种资源,希望程序中不管有没有抛出异常,都要关闭。关闭后,使用
System.out.println("scanner closed")
打印关闭信息
注意: 使用System.out.println(e);
打印异常信息,e为所产生的异常。
输入样例:
new
zhang 10
new
wang 101
new
wang30
new
3a 100
new
wang 50
other
输出样例:
Student [name=zhang, score=10]
IllegalScoreException: score out of range, score=101
java.util.NoSuchElementException
IllegalNameException: the first char of name must not be digit, name=3a
Student [name=wang, score=50]
scanner closed
答案
import java.util.Scanner;
class IllegalScoreException extends RuntimeException {
String message;
public IllegalScoreException() {
}
public IllegalScoreException(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "IllegalScoreException: score out of range, score=" + message;
}
}
class IllegalNameException extends RuntimeException {
String message;
public IllegalNameException() {
}
public IllegalNameException(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "IllegalNameException: the first char of name must not be digit, name=" + message;
}
}
class Student {
private String name;
private int score;
public Student(){
this.score = 0;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [" +
"name=" + name +
", score=" + score +
']';
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
if (name.charAt(0) >= '0' && name.charAt(0) <= '9'){
throw new IllegalNameException(name);
}
this.name = name;
}
public int getScore() {
return score;
}
public void setScore(int score) {
this.score = score;
}
public int addScore(int score) throws IllegalScoreException{
if (this.score + score < 0||this.score + score > 100){
throw new IllegalScoreException(Integer.toString(this.score + score));
}
setScore(this.score + score);
return this.score;
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
while (scanner.hasNext()){
String str = scanner.next();
if (!str.equals("new")){
scanner.close();
System.out.println("scanner closed");
break;
}
Student stu = new Student();
scanner.nextLine();
String nameAndScore = scanner.nextLine();
String[] arr = nameAndScore.split("\\s+");
try{
String name = arr[0];
int score = Integer.parseInt(arr[1]);
stu.setName(name);
stu.addScore(score);
System.out.println(stu);
}catch (IllegalNameException | IllegalScoreException e){
System.out.println(e);
}catch (Exception e){
System.out.println("java.util.NoSuchElementException");
}
}
}
}