#include<stdio.h>
#include<malloc.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
/*
位图头结构
*/
#pragma pack(1)
typedef struct tagBITMAPFILEHEADER
{
unsigned char bfType[2];//文件格式
unsigned long bfSize;//文件大小
unsigned short bfReserved1;//保留
unsigned short bfReserved2;
unsigned long bfOffBits; //DIB数据在文件中的偏移量
}fileHeader;
#pragma pack()
/*
位图数据信息结构
*/
#pragma pack(1)
typedef struct tagBITMAPINFOHEADER
{
unsigned long biSize;//该结构的大小
long biWidth;//文件宽度
long biHeight;//文件高度
unsigned short biPlanes;//平面数
unsigned short biBitCount;//颜色位数
unsigned long biCompression;//压缩类型
unsigned long biSizeImage;//DIB数据区大小
long biXPixPerMeter;
long biYPixPerMeter;
unsigned long biClrUsed;//多少颜色索引表
unsigned long biClrImporant;//多少重要颜色
}fileInfo;
#pragma pack()
/*
调色板结构
*/
#pragma pack(1)
typedef struct tagRGBQUAD
{
unsigned char rgbBlue; //蓝色分量亮度
unsigned char rgbGreen;//绿色分量亮度
unsigned char rgbRed;//红色分量亮度
unsigned char rgbReserved;
}rgbq;
#pragma pack()
int main()
{
/*存储RGB图像的一行像素点*/
unsigned char ImgData[3000][3];
/*将灰度图的像素存到一个一维数组中*/
unsigned char ImgData2[3000];
/*将直方图均衡化灰度图的像素存到一个一维数组中*/
int i, j, k;
FILE* fpBMP, * fpGray;
fileHeader* fh;
fileInfo* fi;
rgbq* fq;
char filename1[20], filename2[20],filename3[20];
errno_t error;
printf("输入图像文件名:");
scanf_s("%s", filename1,20);
error = fopen_s(&fpBMP, filename1, "rb");
if (error != 0)
{
printf("打开文件失败");
exit(0);
}
printf("输出图像文件名:");
scanf_s("%s", filename2,20);
error = fopen_s(&fpGray, filename2, "wb");
if (error != 0)
{
printf("创建文件失败");
exit(0);
}
fh = (fileHeader*)malloc(sizeof(fileHeader));
fi = (fileInfo*)malloc(sizeof(fileInfo));
//读取位图头结构和信息头
fread(fh, sizeof(fileHeader), 1, fpBMP);
fread(fi, sizeof(fileInfo), 1, fpBMP);
//修改头信息
fi->biBitCount = 8;
fi->biSizeImage = ((fi->biWidth * 3 + 3) / 4) * 4 * fi->biHeight;
fh->bfOffBits = sizeof(fileHeader) + sizeof(fileInfo) + 256 * sizeof(rgbq);
fh->bfSize = fh->bfOffBits + fi->biSizeImage;
//创建调色版
fq = (rgbq*)malloc(256 * sizeof(rgbq));
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
fq[i].rgbBlue = fq[i].rgbGreen = fq[i].rgbRed = i;
//fq[i].rgbReserved=0;
}
//将头信息写入
fwrite(fh, sizeof(fileHeader), 1, fpGray);
fwrite(fi, sizeof(fileInfo), 1, fpGray);
fwrite(fq, sizeof(rgbq), 256, fpGray);
//读取RGB图像素并转换为灰度值
for (i = 0; i < fi->biHeight; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < fi->biWidth; j++)
{
for (k = 0; k < 3; k++)
fread(&ImgData[j][k], 1, 1, fpBMP);
}
for (j = 0; j < fi->biWidth; j++)
{
ImgData2[j] = int(((float)ImgData[j][0] +
(float)ImgData[j][1] +
(float)ImgData[j][2])/3);
}
//将灰度图信息写入
fwrite(ImgData2, j, 1, fpGray);
}
free(fh);
free(fi);
free(fq);
fclose(fpBMP);
fclose(fpGray);
printf("success\n");
return 0;
}
运行示例:
输入:
输出: