异常捕获处理

异常捕获机制

异常信息与异常捕获

代码示例

1. 异常嵌套：

try:
    1/0
except Exception as e:
    try:
        1/0
    except Exception as f:
        pass
    print (e)

division by zero

2. 捕获异常后，不再向下执行：

def f1():
    1/0

def f2():
    list = []
    list[1]
    f1()

def f3():
    f2()

try:
    f3()
except (ZeroDivisionError,Exception) as e:
    print (e)

list index out of range

3. 自定义异常

# 自定义异常
class UserInputError(Exception):
    def __init__(self,ErrorInfo):
        super().__init__(self,ErrorInfo)
        self.errorinfo = ErrorInfo
    def __str__(self):
        return self.errorinfo

userintput = 'a'

try:
    if (not userintput.isdigit()):
        raise UserInputError('用户输入错误')
except UserInputError as ue:
    print (ue)
finally:
    del userintput

用户输入错误

4. pretty_errors

import pretty_errors
def foo():
    1/0

foo()

5. 重写Open

# with open('index.html','r',encoding='utf8') as f2:
#     data = f2.read()

class Open:
    def __enter__(self):
        print ('open')

    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
        print ('close')
    # 把类伪装成函数
    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        pass

# 使用with时候，执行了__enter__()和__exit__()
with Open() as f:
    pass

open
close