反编译async/await关键字记录

注意：本文章仅供个人学习用途，并不保证解释和想法是正确的，

新建webapi项目，在ValuesController中输入如下代码：

private static int TId()
{
    return Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId;
}

// GET api/<controller>
public async Task<IEnumerable<string>> Get()
{
    Debug.WriteLine($"thread id {TId()} before Task.Run", "Debug");
    await Task.Run(() =>
    {
        Debug.WriteLine($"thread id {TId()} in Task.Run", "Debug");

    });
    Debug.WriteLine($"thread id {TId()} after Task.Run", "Debug");
    return new string[] { "value1", "value2" };
}

通过.NET Reflector 7.0反编译webapi的dll

async关键字消失了，它被编译成了如下方法：

[AsyncStateMachine(typeof(<Get>d__2)), DebuggerStepThrough]
public Task<IEnumerable<string>> Get()
{
    <Get>d__2 stateMachine = new <Get>d__2 {
        <>4__this = this,
        <>t__builder = AsyncTaskMethodBuilder<IEnumerable<string>>.Create(),
        <>1__state = -1
    };
    //这里Start状态机
    stateMachine.<>t__builder.Start<<Get>d__2>(ref stateMachine);
    //new一个状态机stateMachine并且设置相关属性,__this是Controller,
    //__builder是AsyncTaskMethodBuilder<IEnumerable<string>>
    //__state = -1 ,方便起见去掉了编译器生成的前缀
    //然后直接返回__builder的Task
    return stateMachine.<>t__builder.Task;
}

状态机的MoveNext方法：

private void MoveNext()
{
    IEnumerable<string> enumerable;
    int num = this.<>1__state;
    try
    {
        TaskAwaiter awaiter;
        if (num != 0)
        {
            Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("thread id {0} before Task.Run", ValuesController.TId()), "Debug");
            if (ValuesController.<>c.<>9__2_0 == null)
            {
                Action action1 = ValuesController.<>c.<>9__2_0;
            }
            //await消失了,被编译成下面的语句
            awaiter = Task.Run(ValuesController.<>c.<>9__2_0 = new Action(ValuesController.<>c.<>9.<Get>b__2_0)).GetAwaiter();
            if (!awaiter.IsCompleted)
            {
                //awaiter.IsCompleted其实就是Task.IsCompleted
                //awaiter没有完成完成，再调用AsyncTaskMethodBuilder<TResult>.AwaitUnsafeOnCompleted
                //方法设置awaiter和状态机stateMachine来达到某种目的，然后直接返回 
                this.<>1__state = num = 0;
                this.<>u__1 = awaiter;
                ValuesController.<Get>d__2 stateMachine = this;
                this.<>t__builder.AwaitUnsafeOnCompleted<TaskAwaiter, ValuesController.<Get>d__2>(ref awaiter, ref stateMachine);
                return;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            //awaiter为什么要把值设置回去，目前还没看懂。
            awaiter = this.<>u__1; 
            this.<>u__1 = new TaskAwaiter();
            //状态恢复初始值
            this.<>1__state = num = -1;
        }
        //Get Result获取结果
        awaiter.GetResult();
        Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("thread id {0} after Task.Run", ValuesController.TId()), "Debug");
        string[] textArray1 = new string[] { "value1", "value2" };
        enumerable = textArray1;
    }
    catch (Exception exception)
    {
        this.<>1__state = -2;
        this.<>t__builder.SetException(exception);
        return;
    }
    this.<>1__state = -2;
    this.<>t__builder.SetResu