深入解析ESP32C3(1) - 使用ESP-IDF

乐鑫ESP32系列芯片是性价比非常高的嵌入式平台,不仅外设接口丰富,有较多的存储空间,还支持WIFI/BT等无线连接,同时也支持加密和权限管理等安全功能,这大大拓展了芯片的应用领域;当然,最重要的是该系列芯片的价格并不贵。个人是很看好ESP32系列芯片的前景,故此准备几篇文章来解析该芯片平台的功能,并为以后的开发做技术储备。

初次接触乐鑫ESP32,是从乐鑫的ESP-IDF开发环境开始的,这也是乐鑫主推的开发套件;另外也有Arduino开发套件,暂无涉及。IDF采用CMAKE编译系统,较晦涩复杂,本文不作解析,仅从使用IDF的角度出发。

IDF编译app固件按乐鑫官网的编程指南,安装好IDF开发环境,并复制examples\get-started\blink\作为测试用例,按下述命令编译测试:
>: idf.py set-target esp32c3    #配置目标芯片
>: idf.py menuconfig               #图像化配置功能宏,这里修改宏CONFIG_BLINK_GPIO为13
>: idf.py build                          #编译blink测试用例
    以下是整个编译过程的主要日志,可以看出涉及到哪些代码,以及编译结果。

Executing action: all (aliases: build)
Running ninja in directory G:\workspace\espressif\blink\build
Executing "ninja all"...
[0/1] Re-running CMake...
-- Building ESP-IDF components for target esp32c3
Processing 2 dependencies:            #项目依赖的组件来源

[1/2] espressif/led_strip (2.5.2)     #项目目录下的组件:\blink\managed_components\espressif__led_strip
[2/2] idf (5.1.2)                     #ESP-IDF目录components\下的组件

######编译器添加ESP32C3内部ROM的链接资源以及相关的组件代码路径,准备编译app(blink.bin)

-- Project sdkconfig file G:/workspace/espressif/blink/sdkconfig
-- App "blink" version: 1
-- Adding linker script G:/workspace/espressif/blink/build/esp-idf/esp_system/ld/memory.ld
-- Adding linker script G:/Program/Espressif/frameworks/esp-idf-v5.1.2/components/esp_system/ld/esp32c3/sections.ld.in
-- Adding linker script G:/Program/Espressif/frameworks/esp-idf-v5.1.2/components/esp_rom/esp32c3/ld/esp32c3.rom.ld
-- Adding linker script G:/Program/Espressif/frameworks/esp-idf-v5.1.2/components/esp_rom/esp32c3/ld/esp32c3.rom.api.ld
-- Adding linker script G:/Program/Espressif/frameworks/esp-idf-v5.1.2/components/esp_rom/esp32c3
esp32-freertos-sdk 工具包 See the Getting Started guide links above for a detailed setup guide. This is a quick reference for common commands when working with ESP-IDF projects: Setup Build Environment (See Getting Started guide for a full list of required steps with details.) Install host build dependencies mentioned in Getting Started guide. Add tools/ directory to the PATH Run python -m pip install -r requirements.txt to install Python dependencies Configuring the Project idf.py menuconfig Opens a text-based configuration menu for the project. Use up & down arrow keys to navigate the menu. Use Enter key to go into a submenu, Escape key to go out or to exit. Type ? to see a help screen. Enter key exits the help screen. Use Space key, or Y and N keys to enable (Yes) and disable (No) configuration items with checkboxes "[*]" Pressing ? while highlighting a configuration item displays help about that item. Type / to search the configuration items. Once done configuring, press Escape multiple times to exit and say "Yes" to save the new configuration when prompted. Compiling the Project idf.py build ... will compile app, bootloader and generate a partition table based on the config. Flashing the Project When the build finishes, it will print a command line to use esptool.py to flash the chip. However you can also do this automatically by running: idf.py -p PORT flash Replace PORT with the name of your serial port (like COM3 on Windows, /dev/ttyUSB0 on Linux, or /dev/cu.usbserial-X on MacOS. If the -p option is left out, idf.py flash will try to flash the first available serial port. This will flash the entire project (app, bootloader and partition table) to a new chip. The settings for serial port flashing can be configured with idf.py menuconfig. You don't need to run idf.py build before running idf.py flash, idf.py flash will automatically rebuild anything which needs it. Viewing Serial Output The idf.py monitor target uses the idf_monitor tool to display se
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