Windows下安装多版本MySQL数据库(5.6 8.0)

前期准备工作：确认之前安装的MySQL服务是否启动，若启动则关闭。

一、下载MySQL

链接： https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql

二、MySQL安装配置

2.1 解压压缩包

2.2 创建my.ini初始化文件

[client]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
 
[mysqld]
# 设置3307端口  因为之前装MySQL5.6已经占用了3306端口，所以需要指定其他端口
port =3307
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=C:\Develop\mysql-8.0.27-winx64
# 设置 mysql数据库的数据的存放目录，MySQL 8+ 不需要以下配置，系统自己生成即可，否则有可能报错
datadir=C:\Develop\mysql-8.0.27-winx64/data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB

2.3 初始化MySQL

​ 以管理员身份，进入MySQL的bin目录执行以下命令：

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --console

​ 如果命令执行成功，会在日志最后输出密码。

PS C:\Develop\mysql-8.0.27-winx64\bin> mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --console
2021-10-31T04:12:21.113827Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] C:\Develop\mysql-8.0.27-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.27) initializing of server in progress as process 2116
2021-10-31T04:12:21.153194Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013242] [Server] --character-set-server: 'utf8' is currently an alias for the character set UTF8MB3, but will be an alias for UTF8MB4 in a future release. Please consider using UTF8MB4 in order to be unambiguous.
2021-10-31T04:12:21.264140Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2021-10-31T04:12:24.281320Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2021-10-31T04:12:27.751347Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013746] [Server] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled for channel mysql_main
2021-10-31T04:12:27.768773Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013746] [Server] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled for channel mysql_main
2021-10-31T04:12:28.262196Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: zhj;iS!h)7sp

​ **数据库默认密码：**zhj;iS!h)7sp

​ 以上命令成功执行完毕后，将在MySQL目录下新创建一个data文件夹。

2.4 正式安装MySQL

​ 执行以下命令，其中MySQL8为服务名称，可以自定义，–defaults-file后跟my.ini的路径。

mysqld install MySQL8 --defaults-file="C:\Develop\mysql-8.0.27-winx64\my.ini"

​ 出现上图所示日志，表示服务安装成功了！

PS C:\Develop\mysql-8.0.27-winx64\bin> mysqld install MySQL8 --defaults-file="C:\Develop\mysql-8.0.27-winx64\my.ini"
Service successfully installed.

​ 通过任务管理器中可查看系统服务，发现刚注册的MySQL8服务已在服务列表中。

三、数据库使用

3.1 启动Mysql8服务

​ 方式一：在Dos窗口下，输入命令：net start MySQL8

​ 方式二：进入服务列表中，找到MySQL8服务后手动启动

3.2 登录数据库（使用默认密码）

​ 输入以下命令，其中端口号为my.ini中设置的，然后按Enter键，在Enter password：后输入2.3初始化MySQL章节生成的默认密码，再次按Enter键。

mysql -uroot -p -P端口号

​ 登录成功后，将显示MySQL数据库版本信息，如下：

C:\Users\Administrator>mysql -uroot -p -P3307
Enter password: ************
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.27

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

3.3 修改数据库密码

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

​ 以修改后的密码重新登录数据库

C:\Users\Administrator>mysql -uroot -proot -P3307
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.27 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

四、参考文献

https://blog.csdn.net/wnw001/article/details/104537137