实现一个简单Socket通信示例

     Socket又称"套接字"，应用程序通常通过"套接字"向网络发出请求或者应答网络请求。

     以J2SDK-1.3为例，Socket和ServerSocket类库位于java.net包中。ServerSocket用于服务器端，Socket是建立网络连接时使用的。在连接成功时，应用程序两端都会产生一个Socket实例，操作这个实例，完成所需的会话。对于一个网络连接来说，套接字是平等的，并没有差别，不因为在服务器端或在客户端而产生不同级别。不管是Socket还是ServerSocket它们的工作都是通过SocketImpl类及其子类完成的。

 

服务器端的ServerSocket创建只需要指定相应的端口就可以了

     ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(port);

客户端Socket构造则需要指定IP地址和服务器的端口号

     Socket socket = new Socket(ip, poet);

Socket有两个非常有用的方法，分别返回InputStream 和 OutputStream

直接对输入输出流操作并不是很好的意见，通过包装输入输出流可以得到更加直观的往socket中输入数据和接受接收到的数据

     BufferdeReader in = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(socket .getInputStream()));

     PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter( new BufferedWriter( new OutputStreamWriter(socket .getOutputStream())), true);

读取数据时的操作

     String str = null;

     //只有当对方发送来的字符串为quit的时候结束连接

     while(!(str = in.readLine()).equals("quit"))

     {

          //something method to process str

     }

写数据则更加简单

     out.println("some data to write");

结合其他的java知识，接下设计一个简单的具有用户界面的Client和Server

Client.java

package lzl.cxl.client;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.*;

import java.io.*;

import java.net.*;

import java.util.Date;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

public class Client {

    private final String IP = "127.0.0.1";

    private final int PORT = 4046;

    private JFrame f;

    private JTextField textField;

    private JButton sendButton;

    private JTextArea textArea;

    private Socket socket;

    private BufferedReader in;

    private PrintWriter out;

    public Client() throws UnknownHostException, IOException

    {

        f = new JFrame("Client");

        textField = new JTextField(20);

        textArea = new JTextArea(20, 10);

        sendButton = new JButton("Send");

        init();

    }

    private void init()

    {

        f.setLayout(new BorderLayout());

        JPanel panel = new JPanel();

        panel.add(textField);

        panel.add(sendButton);

        f.add(panel, "North");

        f.add(textArea, "Center");

        f.setSize(400, 300);

        f.setVisible(true);

    }

    public void connect() throws UnknownHostException, IOException

    {

        socket = new Socket(IP, PORT);

        in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));

        out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(

                socket.getOutputStream())), true);

        sendButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){

            @Override

            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {

                // TODO Auto-generated method stub

                textArea.append(getSystemTime() + " " + textField.getText() + "\n");

                out.println(textField.getText());

                textField.setText("");

            }

        });

        new Thread(){

            public void run(){

                String str = null;

                while(true) {

                    try {

                        if ((str = in.readLine()).equals("bye")){

                            socket.close();

                            f.dispose();

                            break;

                        }

                        else

                            textArea.append(getSystemTime() + " " + str + "\n");

                        Thread.sleep(200);

                    } catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {

                        e.printStackTrace();

                    }               

                }

            }

        }.start();

    }

    public String getSystemTime()

    {

        return new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date());

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException

    {

        Client c = new Client();

        c.connect();

    }

}

Server.java

import java.io.*;

import java.net.*;

public class Server {

       private static final int PORT = 4046;

       public static void main(String [] args) throws IOException

      {

            ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket( PORT);

            System. out .print("Server have started" );

            Socket socket = server .accept();

            System. out .println("Accepted client: " + socket);

             try {

                  BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(

                               socket .getInputStream()));

                  PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter( new BufferedWriter(

                               new OutputStreamWriter(socket .getOutputStream())), true);

                   while (true ) {

                        String str = in .readLine();

                         if (str .equals( "quit")) {

                               out .println("bye" );

                               break ;

                        }

                        System. out .println("Reveived info: " + str);

                         out .println("OK" );

                  }

            } finally {

                  System. out .println("Finished" );

                   socket .close();

                   server .close();

            }

      }

}

就这样先运行Server.java再运行Client.java。大致的效果就是这样的

可以在文本框中输入，点击send就会发送给Server，Server会返回OK，同时textArea区域会更新收到和发送的数据。发送quit则会终止连接。