springMVC发送POST请求时接收不到参数问题

今天在做一个功能时，前台传参过去突然出现如下错误：

八月 16, 2016 3:45:21 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke
严重: Servlet.service() for servlet [rest] in context with path [/admin] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Optional int parameter 'parentId' is present but cannot be translated into a null value due to being declared as a primitive type. Consider declaring it as object wrapper for the corresponding primitive type.] with root cause
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Optional int parameter 'parentId' is present but cannot be translated into a null value due to being declared as a primitive type. Consider declaring it as object wrapper for the corresponding primitive type.
	at org.springframework.web.method.annotation.AbstractNamedValueMethodArgumentResolver.handleNullValue(AbstractNamedValueMethodArgumentResolver.java:191)
	at org.springframework.web.method.annotation.AbstractNamedValueMethodArgumentResolver.resolveArgument(AbstractNamedValueMethodArgumentResolver.java:97)
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite.resolveArgument(HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite.java:79)
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.getMethodArgumentValues(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:157)
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:124)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:104)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandleMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:749)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:689)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:83)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:938)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:870)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:961)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:863)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:647)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:837)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:728)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
	at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.RuleChain.handleRewrite(RuleChain.java:176)
	at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.RuleChain.doRules(RuleChain.java:145)
	at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriter.processRequest(UrlRewriter.java:92)
	at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter.doFilter(UrlRewriteFilter.java:394)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.executeChain(AbstractShiroFilter.java:449)
	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter$1.call(AbstractShiroFilter.java:365)
	at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.SubjectCallable.doCall(SubjectCallable.java:90)
	at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.SubjectCallable.call(SubjectCallable.java:83)
	at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.DelegatingSubject.execute(DelegatingSubject.java:383)
	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.doFilterInternal(AbstractShiroFilter.java:362)
	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:125)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:344)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:261)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:88)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123)
	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:472)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:171)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:936)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:407)
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1004)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:589)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:312)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

而前台数据是有传过去的，按照网上的方法将形参类型 int 改为Integer 后报空指针异常，问题发生了变化但仍然没有解决。想起有一次也是同样的问题，将请求方式改成GET后不再报错，问题解决了，但关于这两种请求方式在springMVC中具体的差别不太清楚，后续将进一步学习。

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今天查看了相关资料，发现了出现上述问题的原因。贴出请求发送的代码和后台Controller代码：

前台：

function showSubjectDetail(id){
	$.ajax({
		url : '/admin/rest/school/showParentSubjectDetailById',
		type : "POST",
		dataType:"json",
		data : {id : id},
		contentType:"application/json",
		success : function(data) {
			if (data.code == "200") {
				var obj = data.data;
				$("#topLevelSubjectId").html('<option value="'+ obj.id +'">'+ obj.name +'</option>');
			} else {
				alert(data.msg);
			}
		},
		error : function(data) {
			alert(data.msg);
		},
	});
}

后台：

@RequestMapping(value = "school/showParentSubjectDetailById")
	public CommonResult showParentSubjectDetailById(int id) {
		CommonResult commonResult = new CommonResult();
		commonResult.setCode(ErrorCodeConstant.SUCCESS);
		SchoolSubject schoolSub = schoolSubjectService.showParentSubjectDetailById(id);
		commonResult.setData(schoolSub);
		return commonResult;
	}

后台没有指定请求方法，所以无论是post还是get都是没问题的，问题的原因是请求中的  contentType:"application/json",  这一行，请求包内容格式不是默认的application/x-www-form-urlencoded，导致服务器无法正确解析，因此接收不到参数，参数值为null。而int是不能设置为null的，故报出最开始的错误。将int改为Integer后值为null，验证了上述原因。

解决方法：

1. 将请求方式改为get
2. 删除 contentType:"application/json", 这一行代码或使用默认值

问题到这里基本已经解决，但是post请求无效但get请求有效的根本原因还未解。另外，再补充部分springMVC后台接收参数时常用的注解：

@PathVarible @PathParam@RequestParam@ RequestBody@RequestHeader