设计模式学习笔记-观察者模式

假设你是一个Boss,对员工A,B,C发送消息，你希望一个一个的通知，还是发送一次通过，A,B,C员工都能自动收到相关的通知。

方式1，一个一个的通知：

abstract class Employee {
	protected $_name = null;
	public function __construct($name) {
		$this->_name = $name;
	}
	public abstract function notify($msg);
}

class MyEmployee extends Employee {
	public function notify($msg) {
		echo "<br>Hi {$this->_name}, 你有新的消息  {$msg}<br>";
	}
}

$aEmployee = new MyEmployee("A");
$bEmployee = new MyEmployee("B");
$cEmployee = new MyEmployee("C");

$employeeArr = [
	$aEmployee,
	$bEmployee,
	$cEmployee,
];
foreach($employeeArr as $employee) { 
	$employee->notify("收钱啦");
}

方式2，一次通知，员工订阅通知：

class EmployObserver { //观察者
	private $_employees = [];
	public function addEmployee($name, Employee $employee) { //添加观察者
		if ( isset($this->_employees[$name]) ) {
			return false;
		}
		$this->_employees[$name] = $employee;
		return true;
	}
	public function removeEmployee($name) { //移除观察者
		if ( isset($this->_employees[$name]) ) {
			unset($this->_employees[$name]);
		}	
		return true;	
	}

	public function notify($msg) { //通知
		foreach($this->_employees as $employee) {
			$employee->notify($msg);
		}
	}
}

$EmployObserver = new EmployObserver();
$EmployObserver->addEmployee('A', $aEmployee);
$EmployObserver->addEmployee('B', $bEmployee);
$EmployObserver->addEmployee('C', $cEmployee);
$EmployObserver->notify("到账了");

//现在c辞职， D 入职
$EmployObserver->removeEmployee('C');
$EmployObserver->addEmployee('D', new MyEmployee('d'));
$EmployObserver->notify("有人事变动");

方式一和方式二都能实现相同的效果，不同之处在，对通知对象增添，移除的灵活性。对于方式一，需要对employeeArr进行修改。而对于方式二，只需要 调用removeEmployee和addEmployee 这两个方法就能快速的进行移除和添加通知对象。

方式二的实现是今天的主角--观察者模式

观察者模式实现：一个目标可以有任意数目的依赖它的观察者。一旦目标的状态发生改变 , 所有的观察者都得到通知。