2021-06-21 MATLAB学习随记——矩阵计算

一、算术计算

命令行：

clear;
syms a b c d
a1 = a*b;a2 = b*c;a3 = c*d;a4 = d*a;
A = [a1 a2;a3 a4]
b1 = 2*a*b;b2 = d*a;b3 = 2*c*d;b4 = b*c;
B = [b1 b2;b3 b4]
C = A+B

D = [a*b b*c;c*d d*a]
E = [2*a*b d*a;2*c*d b*c]
F = D+E

输出：

>> Test 
A = 
[ a*b, b*c]
[ c*d, a*d]
 
B = 
[ 2*a*b, a*d]
[ 2*c*d, b*c]
  
C = 
[ 3*a*b, a*d + b*c]
[ 3*c*d, a*d + b*c] 
 
D = 
[ a*b, b*c]
[ c*d, a*d]
  
E = 
[ 2*a*b, a*d]
[ 2*c*d, b*c] 
 
F = 
[ 3*a*b, a*d + b*c]
[ 3*c*d, a*d + b*c]

二、线性代数运算

命令行：

clear;
syms a b c d
a1 = a*b;a2 = b*c;a3 = c*d;a4 = d*a;
A = [a1 a2;a3 a4]
b1 = 2*a*b;b2 = d*a;b3 = 2*c*d;b4 = b*c;
B = [b1 b2;b3 b4]
C = A+B
Ct = C'		#求C的转置矩阵
detC = det(C)		#求C的行列式值

输出：

>> Test
A =
[ a*b, b*c]
[ c*d, a*d] 
 
B = 
[ 2*a*b, a*d]
[ 2*c*d, b*c]
  
C =
[ 3*a*b, a*d + b*c]
[ 3*c*d, a*d + b*c]
 
Ct =
[                 3*conj(a)*conj(b),                 3*conj(c)*conj(d)]
[ conj(a)*conj(d) + conj(b)*conj(c), conj(a)*conj(d) + conj(b)*conj(c)]
 
 
detC = 
3*a^2*b*d + 3*a*b^2*c - 3*a*c*d^2 - 3*b*c^2*d

三、eig:特征值分解

eig	对符号矩阵进行特征值分解

命令行：

clear
H = magic(3)        %魔方三阶矩阵
H = sym(H)
[v,E] = eig(H)

digits(10)     %设置计算精度为小数点后9位
[v1,E1] = eig(vpa(H))       %用vpa进行计算结果的数值精确

输出：

>> Test
H =
     8     1     6
     3     5     7
     4     9     2
 
H =
[ 8, 1, 6]
[ 3, 5, 7]
[ 4, 9, 2] 
 
v =
[ 1, - 24^(1/2)/5 - 7/5, 24^(1/2)/5 - 7/5]
[ 1,   24^(1/2)/5 + 2/5, 2/5 - 24^(1/2)/5]
[ 1,                  1,                1]
 
 E = 
[ 15,        0,         0]
[  0, 24^(1/2),         0]
[  0,        0, -24^(1/2)]
  
v1 = 
[ 0.5773502692,  0.8130525296, -0.3416480088]
[ 0.5773502692, -0.4714045208, -0.4714045208]
[ 0.5773502692, -0.3416480088,  0.8130525296]
  
E1 = 
[ 15.0,           0,            0]
[    0, 4.898979486,            0]
[    0,           0, -4.898979486]