编译链接实战（17）编译选项-fpermissive部分错误降低为警告--谨慎使用

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已于 2023-12-10 12:19:28 修改

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分类专栏： # 编译链接实战文章标签： c++ 算法开发语言

于 2022-12-01 16:29:52 首次发布

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man手册该选项的说明如下：

   -fpermissive
           Downgrade some diagnostics about nonconformant code from errors to warnings.  Thus, using -fpermissive will allow some nonconforming code to compile.

该选项会将不一致代码的诊断从错误降级为警告。

该选项最好不要使用，因为会降低对于代码检查的严格性。

例子：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

const static char *source = "source";

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	char buf[512];
	snprintf(buf, "%s", source);
	return 0;
}

在该代码中，snprintf并没有使用第二个参数sizeof(buf),如果不使用该选项，编译结果如下所示：

syrius@AI-MACHINE:~ $ g++ g.cc     
g.cc: In function ‘int main(int, char**)’:
g.cc:10:23: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘size_t’ {aka ‘long unsigned int’} [-fpermissive]
   10 |         snprintf(buf, "%s", source);
      |                       ^~~~
      |                       |
      |                       const char*
In file included from g.cc:1:
/usr/include/stdio.h:378:51: note:   initializing argument 2 of ‘int snprintf(char*, size_t, const char*, ...)’
  378 | extern int snprintf (char *__restrict __s, size_t __maxlen,
      |                                            ~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~
g.cc:10:17: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments [-Wformat-security]
   10 |         snprintf(buf, "%s", source);
      |         ~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
syrius@AI-MACHINE:~ $                                                                                                             
syrius@AI-MACHINE:~ $ g++ g.cc -fpermissive                                                                                       
g.cc: In function ‘int main(int, char**)’:
g.cc:10:23: warning: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘size_t’ {aka ‘long unsigned int’} [-fpermissive]
   10 |         snprintf(buf, "%s", source);
      |                       ^~~~
      |                       |
      |                       const char*
In file included from g.cc:1:
/usr/include/stdio.h:378:51: note:   initializing argument 2 of ‘int snprintf(char*, size_t, const char*, ...)’
  378 | extern int snprintf (char *__restrict __s, size_t __maxlen,
      |                                            ~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~
g.cc:10:17: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments [-Wformat-security]
   10 |         snprintf(buf, "%s", source);
      |         ~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~