2. Selector选择器老大
2.4.1 Selector
选择器,网络编程使用NIO的大哥!!!
服务器可以执行一个线程,运行Selector程序,进行监听操作。
新连接, 已经连接, 读取数据,写入数据
Selector常用方法:
public static Selector Open();
得到一个选择器对象
public int select(long timeout);
监听所有注册通道,存在IO流操作是,会将对应的 信息SelectionKey存入到内部的集合中,参数是 一个超时时间
public Set selectionKeys();
返回当前Selector内部集合中保存的所有 SelectionKey
2.4.2 SelectionKey
SelectionKey
表示Selector和网络通道直接的关系
int OP_ACCEPT; 16 需要连接
int OP_CONNECT; 8 已经连接
int OP_READ; 1 读取操作
int OP_WRITE; 4 写入操作
SelectionKey
public abstract Selector selector(); 得到与之关联的 Selector 对象
public abstract SelectableChannel channel(); 得到与之关联的通道
public final Object attachment(); 得到与之关联的共享数据
public abstract SelectionKey interestOps(int ops); 设置或改变监听事件
public final boolean isAcceptable(); 是否可以 accept
public final boolean isReadable(); 是否可以读
public final boolean isWritable(); 是否可以写
2.4.3 ServerSocketChannel
ServerSocketChannel 服务端Socket程序对应的Channel通道
常用方法:
public static ServerSocketChannel open();
开启服务器ServerSocketChannel通道,等于开始 服务器程序
public final ServerSocketChannel bind(SocketAddress local);
设置服务器端端口号
public final SelectableChannel configureBlocking(boolean block);
设置阻塞或非阻塞模式, 取值 false 表示采用非 阻塞模式
public SocketChannel accept();
[非阻塞] 获取一个客户端连接,并且得到对应的操作通 道
public final SelectionKey register(Selector sel, int ops);
[重点方法] 注册当前选择器,并且选择监听什么事件
2.4.4 SocketChannel
SocketChannel 客户端Socket对应的Channel对象
常用方法:
public static SocketChannel open();
打卡一个Socket客户端Channel对象
public final SelectableChannel configureBlocking(boolean block)
这里可以设置是阻塞状态,还是非阻塞状态
false,表示非阻塞
public boolean connect(SocketAddress remote);
连接服务器
public boolean finishConnect();
如果connect连接失败,可以通过finishConnect 继续连接
public int write(ByteBuffer buf);
写入数据到缓冲流中
public int read(ByteBuffer buf);
从缓冲流中读取数据
public final SelectionKey register(Selector sel, int ops, Object attechment);
注册当前SocketChannel,选择对应的监听操作, 并且可以带有Object attachment参数
public final void close(); 关闭SocketChannel
package com.my.demo2;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
public class ChatClient {
private String userName ;
private static final String HOST = "192.168.0.107";
private static final int PORT = 8080 ;
private SocketChannel channel ;
public ChatClient(String userName) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
channel = SocketChannel.open();
channel.configureBlocking(false);
InetSocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress(HOST , PORT) ;
if (!channel.connect(address)) {
while (!channel.finishConnect()) {
System.out.println("服务器连接失败,两秒后自动重连,请稍后...");
Thread.sleep(2000);
}
}
this.userName = userName ;
System.out.println("客户端:" + userName + "准备就绪!");
}
public void send(String message) throws IOException {
if ("close".equals(message)) {
System.out.println("聊天结束...");
channel.close();
return;
}
message = userName + ":" + message ;
ByteBuffer buffer= ByteBuffer.wrap(message.getBytes()) ;
channel.write(buffer) ;
}
public void receive() throws IOException {
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024) ;
int length = channel.read(buffer);
if (length > 0) {
System.out.println(new String(buffer.array()));
}
}
}
package com.my.demo2;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.*;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;
public class ChatServer {
private ServerSocketChannel serverSocket;
private Selector selector;
private static final int PORT = 8848;
public ChatServer() throws IOException {
serverSocket = ServerSocketChannel.open();
selector = Selector.open();
serverSocket.bind(new InetSocketAddress(PORT));
serverSocket.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
}
public void start() {
while (true) {
try {
if (0 == selector.select()) {
System.out.println("暂时无人连接服务器...");
continue;
}
Iterator<SelectionKey> iterators = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
while (iterators.hasNext()) {
SelectionKey selectionKey = iterators.next();
if (selectionKey.isAcceptable()) {
SocketChannel channel = serverSocket.accept();
channel.configureBlocking(false);
channel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
broadcast(channel, channel.getRemoteAddress().toString() + "上线了");
}
if (selectionKey.isReadable()) {
readMsg(selectionKey);
}
iterators.remove();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
private void readMsg(SelectionKey key) throws IOException {
SocketChannel socket = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
int length = socket.read(buffer);
if (length > 0) {
String message = new String(buffer.array());
broadcast(socket, message);
}
}
private void broadcast(SocketChannel self, String message) throws IOException {
Set<SelectionKey> keys = selector.keys();
for (SelectionKey key : keys) {
SelectableChannel channel = key.channel();
if (channel instanceof SocketChannel && !channel.equals(self)) {
SocketChannel socketChannel = (SocketChannel) channel;
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(message.getBytes());
socketChannel.write(buffer);
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
new ChatServer().start();
}
}
package com.my.demo2;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class ChatClientThreads {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入用户名:");
String userName = scanner.nextLine();
if (0 == userName.length()) {
return;
}
ChatClient chatClient = new ChatClient(userName);
new Thread(() -> {
while (true) {
try {
chatClient.receive();
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}).start();
while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
String msg = scanner.nextLine();
chatClient.send(msg);
}
}
}