ABAP - SALV教程11 红黄绿灯

• SALV通过某列设置成异常列，SALV就会根据某列的值自动映射成红黄绿灯
• 注意事项

1. 该列的类型为CHAR1,即是结构的字段类型为CHAR1
2. 该字段的值赋值为 (space,1,2,3) space：灰灯、1：红灯、2：黄灯、3：绿灯 

•  案例代码

  CLASS lcl_model DEFINITION.
    PUBLIC SECTION.
      TYPES:BEGIN OF TY_dATA,
              status TYPE char1,
              vbeln  TYPE vbak-vbeln,
              erdat  TYPE erdat,
              erzet  TYPE erzet,
              ernam  TYPE ernam,
              auart  TYPE auart.
      TYPES:END  OF ty_data.
  
      DATA mt_data TYPE TABLE OF ty_data.
  
      DATA mo_salv TYPE REF TO cl_salv_table.
  
      "获取数据的方法
      METHODS get_data.
      "展示SALV的方法
      METHODS alv_show.
  
    PRIVATE SECTION.
      METHODS:
        set_status CHANGING co_alv TYPE REF TO cl_salv_table.
      METHODS:
        set_icon CHANGING co_alv TYPE REF TO cl_salv_table.
  
  ENDCLASS.
  
  CLASS lcl_model IMPLEMENTATION.
    METHOD get_data.
      SELECT vbeln erdat erzet ernam auart
        INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE mt_data
        FROM vbak
        UP TO 20 ROWS.
  
      LOOP AT mt_data ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<fs_data>).
        IF sy-tabix MOD 3 = 1.
          <fs_data>-status = '1'.
        ELSEIF sy-tabix MOD 3 = 2.
          <fs_data>-status = '2'.
        ELSEIF sy-tabix MOD 3 = 0.
          <fs_data>-status = '3'.
        ENDIF.
  
        AT LAST.
          <fs_data>-status = ''.
        ENDAT.
      ENDLOOP.
    ENDMETHOD.
  
    METHOD alv_show.
      DATA: lx_msg TYPE REF TO cx_salv_msg.
      TRY.
          cl_salv_table=>factory(
            IMPORTING
              r_salv_table = mo_salv
            CHANGING
              t_table      = mt_data ).
        CATCH cx_salv_msg INTO lx_msg.
      ENDTRY.
      me->set_status( CHANGING co_alv = mo_salv ).
      me->set_icon( CHANGING co_alv = mo_salv ).
      mo_salv->display( ).
    ENDMETHOD.
  
    METHOD set_status.
      DATA(lo_functions) = co_alv->get_functions( ).
      "cl_salv_functions_list类型的实例对象的添加状态方法
      lo_functions->set_all( abap_true ).
      "lo_functions->set_default( abap_true ).
    ENDMETHOD.
  
    METHOD set_icon.
      " 声明接收全体列对象的变量
      DATA: lo_columns TYPE REF TO cl_salv_columns.
      DATA: lo_columns_table TYPE REF TO cl_salv_columns_table.
      " 声明接收单个列对象的变量
      DATA: lo_column TYPE REF TO cl_salv_column.
      DATA: lo_column_table  TYPE REF TO cl_salv_column_table.
  
      " 声明型号灯映射变量
      DATA: ls_ddic TYPE salv_s_ddic_reference.
  
      " 获取全部列的对象
      lo_columns = co_alv->get_columns( ).
  
      " 设置自动优化列宽度
      lo_columns->set_optimize( 'X' ).
  
      "红黄绿灯的固定传值
      ls_ddic-field = 'FIELD'.
      ls_ddic-table = 'SALV_S_DDIC_REFERENCE'.
  
      TRY.
          " 获取全部列的对象
          lo_columns_table = co_alv->get_columns( ).
  
          " 修改该列为异常列
          lo_columns_table->set_exception_column( 'STATUS' ).
  
          lo_column_table ?= lo_columns_table->get_column('STATUS').
  
          lo_column_table->set_ddic_reference( ls_ddic ).
  
          "修改该列描述
          lo_column_table->set_short_text( '状态' ).
          lo_column_table->set_medium_text( '状态' ).
          lo_column_table->set_long_text( '状态' ).
  
        CATCH cx_salv_not_found.
      ENDTRY.
  
      DATA: lo_functional_settings TYPE REF TO cl_salv_functional_settings.
      DATA: lo_tooltips TYPE REF TO cl_salv_tooltips.
      lo_functional_settings = co_alv->get_functional_settings( ).
      lo_tooltips = lo_functional_settings->get_tooltips( ).
  
      "单元格显示类型：异常灯、图标、符号。即这里针对的是类型为 异常列 所有的单元格
      "这里做鼠标悬停在字段是的简要说明
      lo_tooltips->add_tooltip(
        type = cl_salv_tooltip=>c_type_exception
        value = space
        tooltip = 'Undefined').
  
      lo_tooltips->add_tooltip(
        type = cl_salv_tooltip=>c_type_exception
        value = '1'
        tooltip = '未拣配').
  
      lo_tooltips->add_tooltip(
        type = cl_salv_tooltip=>c_type_exception
        value = '2'
        tooltip = '未完全拣配').
  
      lo_tooltips->add_tooltip(
        type = cl_salv_tooltip=>c_type_exception
        value = '3'
        tooltip = '已完全拣配').
    ENDMETHOD.
  
  ENDCLASS.
  
  START-OF-SELECTION.
    DATA(lo_model) = NEW lcl_model( ).
    lo_model->get_data( ).
    lo_model->alv_show( ).