「Spring Boot」核心技能【 属性绑定】

属性绑定

将容器中任意组件（Bean）的属性值和配置文件的配置项的值进行绑定

1. 给容器中注册组件（@Component、@Bean）
2. 使用@ConfigurationProperties 声明组件和配置文件的哪些配置项进行绑定

场景：

SpringBoot默认只扫描自己主程序所在的包。
如果导入第三方包，即使组件上标注了 @Component、@ConfigurationProperties 注解，也没用。
因为组件都扫描不进来，此时使用这个注解就可以快速进行属性绑定并把组件注册进容器

@ConfigurationProperties

@ConfigurationProperties： 声明组件的属性和配置文件哪些 *前缀开始项 *进行绑定

package com.example.boot.Pojo;

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "pig") // 配置文件中的前缀
@Component
public class Pig {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Pig{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

server.port=8091
pig.id = 1
pig.name=佩奇
pig.age=5

@SpringBootConfiguration
public class AppConfig2 {

    @Bean
    // @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "pig")
    public Pig pig(){
        return new Pig();
    }
}

package com.example.boot;

import com.example.boot.Pojo.*;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Boot302DemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        var ioc = SpringApplication.run(Boot302DemoApplication.class, args);
        Pig bean = ioc.getBean(Pig.class);
        System.out.println(bean);
    }

}

@EnableConfigurationProperties

@EnableConfigurationProperties：快速注册注解：

package com.example.boot.Pojo;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "sheep")
public class Sheep {
    Long id;
    String name;
    Integer age;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Sheep{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

// 开启Sheep 的属性绑定，
// 默认会把这个组件直接放到容器中
@EnableConfigurationProperties(Sheep.class)
@SpringBootConfiguration
public class AppConfig2 {
}

sheep.id = 1
sheep.name=喜洋洋
sheep.age=5

package com.example.boot;

import com.example.boot.Pojo.*;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Boot302DemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        var ioc = SpringApplication.run(Boot302DemoApplication.class, args);
        Sheep sheep = ioc.getBean(Sheep.class);
        System.out.println(sheep);
    }
}