类的加载，获取类相关结构，动态创建类执行方法

类加载器

package com.kuang.reflection;

public class Test07 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException {
        //获取系统类的加载器
        ClassLoader systemClassLoader = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
        System.out.println(systemClassLoader);

        //获取系统类的加载器的父类加载器=>扩展类加载器
        ClassLoader parent = systemClassLoader.getParent();
        System.out.println(parent);

        //获取扩展类加载器的父类加载器 -->根加载器(C/C++)
        ClassLoader parent1 = parent.getParent();
        System.out.println(parent1);

        //测试当前类是哪个加载器加载的
        ClassLoader classLoader = Class.forName("com.kuang.reflection.Test07").getClassLoader();
        System.out.println(classLoader);
        //测试JDK内置的加载器是哪个加载器加载的
        classLoader = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getClassLoader();
        System.out.println(classLoader);

        //双亲委派机制
        //java.lang.String ==向上查找 查找不到才会用自己写的
        //如何获取系统类加载器可以加载的路径
        System.out.println(System.getProperty("java.class.path"));;
        /*
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\charsets.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\deploy.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\javaws.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jce.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jfr.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jsse.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\plugin.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\resources.jar;
        D:\app\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\rt.jar;
        D:\app\test\注解与反射\out\production\注解与反射;
        D:\google\ideaIU-2020.1.2.win\lib\idea_rt.jar

         */
    }
}

获取类的运行时结构

package com.kuang.reflection;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

//获得类的信息
public class Test08 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchFieldException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Class c1 = Class.forName("com.kuang.reflection.User");

//        User user = new User();
//        c1 = user.getClass();
        //获得类的名字
        System.out.println(c1.getName());//获得包名+类名
        System.out.println(c1.getSimpleName());//获得类名

        //获得类的属性
        Field[] fields = c1.getFields();//只能找到Public属性

        fields = c1.getDeclaredFields();//找到全部的属性
        for(Field f1:fields){
            System.out.println(f1);
        }

        //获取指定属性的值
        Field name = c1.getDeclaredField("name");
        System.out.println(name);

        //获取类的方法
        System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++++++++");
        Method[] methods = c1.getMethods();//获得本类以及父类的所有公共方法
        for (Method method : methods) {
            System.out.println(method);
        }

        methods = c1.getDeclaredMethods();//获得本类的所有方法
        for (Method method : methods) {
            System.out.println(method);
        }

        //获取指定方法
        Method getName = c1.getMethod("getName",null);
        System.out.println(getName);
        Method setName = c1.getMethod("setName",String.class);
        System.out.println(setName);

        //获取类的构造器
        Constructor[] constructors = c1.getConstructors();
        for (Constructor constructor : constructors) {
            System.out.println(constructor);
        }
        constructors = c1.getDeclaredConstructors();
        for (Constructor constructor : constructors) {
            System.out.println(constructor);
        }

        //获得指定构造器
        Constructor constructor = c1.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class,int.class,int.class);
        System.out.println("指定"+constructor);


    }
}

动态创建对象执行方法

package com.kuang.reflection;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

//动态创建对象，通过反射
public class Test09 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, IllegalAccessException, InstantiationException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchFieldException {
        //获得Class对象
        Class c1 = Class.forName("com.kuang.reflection.User");

        //构造一个对象
        User user = (User)c1.newInstance();//本质上是调用了无参构造器

        //通过构造器获得对象
        Constructor constructor = c1.getConstructor(String.class,int.class,int.class);
        User u = (User)constructor .newInstance("张",001,18);
        System.out.println(u);

        //通过反射调用方法
        User user3 =(User)c1.newInstance();
        //通过反射获取一个方法
        Method setName = c1.getDeclaredMethod("setName", String.class);
        //invoke:激活的意思
        //(对象,"方法的值")
        setName.invoke(user3,"KUANG");
        System.out.println(user3.getName());

        //通过反射操作属性
        User user4 =(User)c1.newInstance();
        Field field = c1.getDeclaredField("name");

        //不能直接操作私有属性，我们需要关闭程序的安全检测
        field.setAccessible(true);
        field.set(user4,"KK");
        System.out.println(user4.getName());

    }
}