1. gethostbyname(...)
- used only for IPv4.
- cc gethostbyname.c -lnsl
-:cat gethostbyname.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netdb.h>
int main(int argc, const char **argv)
{
in_addr_t addr;
struct hostent *hp;
char **p;
if (argc != 2) {
(void) printf("usage: %s hostname/n", argv[0]);
exit (1);
}
hp = gethostbyname(argv[1]);
if (hp == NULL) {
(void) printf("host information for %s not found/n", argv[1]);
exit (3);
}
for (p = hp->h_addr_list; *p != 0; p++) {
struct in_addr in;
char **q;
(void) memcpy(&in.s_addr, *p, sizeof (in.s_addr));
(void) printf("%s %s/n", inet_ntoa(in), hp->h_name);
for (q = hp->h_aliases; *q != 0; q++)
(void) printf(" %s", *q);
(void) putchar('0');
}
exit (0);
}
2. getipnodebyname(...)
- used for both IPv4 and IPv6.
- cc getipnodebyname.c -lsocket -lnsl
-:cat getipnodebyname.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netdb.h>
void main(int argc, const char **argv)
{
char abuf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
int error_num;
struct hostent *hp;
char **p;
if (argc != 2) {
(void) printf("usage: %s hostname/n", argv[0]);
exit (1);
}
/* argv[1] can be a pointer to a hostname or literal IP address */
hp = getipnodebyname(argv[1], AF_INET6, AI_DEFAULT, &error_num);
if (hp == NULL) {
if (error_num == TRY_AGAIN) {
printf("%s: unknown host or invalid literal address "
"(try again later)/n", argv[1]);
} else {
printf("%s: unknown host or invalid literal address/n",
argv[1]);
}
exit (1);
}
for (p = hp->h_addr_list; *p != 0; p++) {
struct in6_addr in6;
char **q;
bcopy(*p, (caddr_t)&in6, hp->h_length);
(void) printf("%s %s", inet_ntop(AF_INET6, (void *)&in6,
abuf, sizeof(abuf)), hp->h_name);
for (q = hp->h_aliases; *q != 0; q++)
(void) printf(" %s", *q);
(void) putchar('0');
printf("/n");
}
freehostent(hp);
exit (0);
}
3. getaddrinfo(...)
- used for both IPv4 and IPv6
- cc getaddrinfo.c -lsocket -lnsl
-:cat getaddrinfo.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netdb.h>
void main(int argc, const char **argv)
{
struct addrinfo hints, *res, *res1;
int err;
memset((void*)&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
if (argc != 2)
{
printf("Usage %s hostname/n",argv[0]);
return;
}
err = getaddrinfo(argv[1], NULL, &hints, &res);
if (!err)
{
int addno = 0;
for (res1 = res; res1; res1 = res1->ai_next,addno++)
{
printf("Address information of No %d/n",addno);
if (res1->ai_family == AF_INET)
printf("ai_family=%d,[%s]/n",res1->ai_family,"AF_INET");
if (res1->ai_family == AF_INET6)
printf("ai_family=%d,[%s]/n",res1->ai_family,"AF_INET6");
if (res1->ai_family == AF_UNSPEC)
printf("ai_family=%d,[%s]/n",res1->ai_family,"AF_UNSPEC");
if (res1->ai_protocol == IPPROTO_IP)
printf("ai_protocol=%d,[%s]/n",res1->ai_protocol,"IPPROTO_IP");
if (res1->ai_protocol == IPPROTO_IPV6)
printf("ai_protocol=%d,[%s]/n",res1->ai_protocol,"IPPROTO_IPV6");
if (res1->ai_protocol == IPPROTO_UDP)
printf("ai_protocol=%d,[%s]/n",res1->ai_protocol,"IPPROTO_UDP");
if (res1->ai_protocol == IPPROTO_TCP)
printf("ai_protocol=%d,[%s]/n",res1->ai_protocol,"IPPROTO_TCP");
printf("ai_socktype=%d/n",res1->ai_socktype);
printf("ai_flags=%d/n",res1->ai_flags);
printf("ai_addrlen=%d/n",res1->ai_addrlen);
printf("ai_canonname=%s/n",res1->ai_canonname==0?"null":res1->ai_canonname);
printf("/n");
} /* for */
freeaddrinfo(res);
} /* if */
}
4. InetAddress.getByName(...)
- java code used for both IPv4 and IPv6.
- Please notice in a IPv4 and IPv6 mixed system, InetAddress.getByName(...) will return an IPv4 address, and C library getaddrinfo(...) will return first address as IPv6. So C library and Java library are not matched of their first address returned.