PAT 1108 Finding Average（20 分）

The basic task is simple: given N real numbers, you are supposed to calculate their average. But what makes it complicated is that some of the input numbers might not be legal. A legalinput is a real number in [−1000,1000] and is accurate up to no more than 2 decimal places. When you calculate the average, those illegal numbers must not be counted in.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives a positive integer N (≤100). Then N numbers are given in the next line, separated by one space.

Output Specification:

For each illegal input number, print in a line ERROR: X is not a legal number where X is the input. Then finally print in a line the result: The average of K numbers is Y where K is the number of legal inputs and Y is their average, accurate to 2 decimal places. In case the average cannot be calculated, output Undefined instead of Y. In case K is only 1, output The average of 1 number is Y instead.

Sample Input 1:

7
5 -3.2 aaa 9999 2.3.4 7.123 2.35

Sample Output 1:

ERROR: aaa is not a legal number
ERROR: 9999 is not a legal number
ERROR: 2.3.4 is not a legal number
ERROR: 7.123 is not a legal number
The average of 3 numbers is 1.38

Sample Input 2:

2
aaa -9999

Sample Output 2:

ERROR: aaa is not a legal number
ERROR: -9999 is not a legal number
The average of 0 numbers is Undefined

思路：细心，每种可能性都要考虑到

程序：

#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
double str2double(string s)
{
  double res = 0;
  bool flag = false;
  bool point = false;
  for(int i = 0; i < s.size(); i++)
  {
    if(s[i] == '-')
    {
      flag = true;
      continue;
    }
    if(s[i] == '.')
    {
      point = true;
      continue;
    }
    if(!point)
    {
      res = res * 10 + static_cast<int>(s[i]-'0');
    }
    else
    {
      int index = s.find('.');
      res = res + static_cast<int>(s[i]-'0') * pow(0.1,i-index);
    }
  }
  if(flag)
   res = -1 * res;
  return res;
}
int main()
{
  int n;
  scanf("%d",&n);
  double sum = 0;
  int count = 0;
  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
  {
    string num;
    cin >> num;
    bool legal = true;
    int point = 0;
    for(int j = 0; j < num.size(); j++)
    {
      if((num[j] >= 'a' && num[j] <= 'z') || (num[j] >= 'A' && num[j] <= 'Z'))
      {
        cout<<"ERROR: "<<num<<" is not a legal number"<<endl;
        legal = false;
        break;
      }
      if(num[j] == '.')
        point++;
      if(point > 1)
      {
        cout<<"ERROR: "<<num<<" is not a legal number"<<endl;
        legal = false;
        break;
      }
    }
    if(legal)
    {
      int index = num.find('.');
      if(index != -1 && num.size() - index - 1 > 2)
      {
        legal = false;
        cout<<"ERROR: "<<num<<" is not a legal number"<<endl;
      }
    }
    if(legal)
    {
      double number = str2double(num);
      if(number > 1000 || number < -1000)
      {
        legal = false;
        cout<<"ERROR: "<<num<<" is not a legal number"<<endl;
      }
      if(legal)
      {
        sum += number;
        count++;
      }
    }
  }
  if(count > 1)
    printf("The average of %d numbers is %.2lf\n",count,sum / count);
  else if(count == 0)
    printf("The average of 0 numbers is Undefined\n");
  else if(count == 1)
    printf("The average of 1 number is %.2lf\n",sum);
  return 0;
}