Autosar中的通信接口(CAN Protocol)走起

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在汽车电子行业中,AUTOSAR(Automotive Open System Architecture)是一种常见的开放标准,用于实现汽车电子系统的软件架构。其中,通信接口是AUTOSAR中非常重要的一部分,用于实现模块间的数据传输和交互。本文将介绍AUTOSAR中最常用的一种通信接口——CAN(Controller Area Network),并提供一个简单的示例代码,以帮助初学者更好地理解CAN协议在AUTOSAR中的应用。

CAN协议是一种广泛应用于汽车电子系统中的串行通信协议,它具有高可靠性和抗干扰能力,可以实现在多个ECU(Electronic Control Unit)之间进行可靠的数据传输。在AUTOSAR中,CAN通信接口被称为CP(Communication Port),它允许不同的软件组件之间通过CAN总线进行数据交换。

下面是一个简单的示例代码,演示了如何在AUTOSAR中使用CAN通信接口:

#include "Std_Types.h"
#include "CanIf.h"

void sendCANMessage(uint8_t *data, uint8_t length)
{
    Can_PduType pdu;
    pdu.SduDataPtr = data;
    pdu.SduLength = length;

    CanIf_Transmit(PDU_CHANNEL_ID, &pdu);
}

void receiveCANMessage(void)
{
    Can_PduType pdu;

    if (CanIf_ReadRxPduData(PDU_CHANNEL_ID, &pdu) == E_OK)
    {
        // 处理接收到的CAN消息
        // 
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The Controller Area Network (CAN) is a serial communications protocol which efficiently supports distributed realtime control with a very high level of security. Its domain of application ranges from high speed networks to low cost multiplex wiring. In automotive electronics, engine control units, sensors, anti-skid-systems, etc. are connected using CAN with bitrates up to 1 Mbit/s. At the same time it is cost effective to build into vehicle body electronics, e.g. lamp clusters, electric windows etc. to replace the wiring harness otherwise required. The intention of this specification is to achieve compatibility between any two CAN implementations. Compatibility, however, has different aspects regarding e.g. electrical features and the interpretation of data to be transferred. To achieve design transparency and implementation flexibility CAN has been subdivided into different layers. • the (CAN-) object layer • the (CAN-) transfer layer • the physical layer The object layer and the transfer layer comprise all services and functions of the data link layer defined by the ISO/OSI model. The scope of the object layer includes • finding which messages are to be transmitted • deciding which messages received by the transfer layer are actually to be used, • providing an interface to the application layer related hardware. There is much freedom in defining object handling. The scope of the transfer layer mainly is the transfer protocol, i.e. controlling the framing, performing arbitration, error checking, error signalling and fault confinement. Within the transfer layer it is decided whether the bus is free for starting a new transmission or whether a reception is just starting. Also some general features of the bit timing are regarded as part of the transfer layer. It is in the nature of the transfer layer that there is no freedom for modifications. The scope of the physical layer is the actual transfer of the bits between the different nodes with respect to all electrical properties. Within one network the physical layer, of course, has to be the same for all nodes. There may be, however, much freedom in selecting a physical layer. The scope of this specification is to define the transfer layer and the consequences of the CAN protocol on the surrounding layers.

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