迭代器模式(Iterator),提供一种方法顺序访问一个聚合对象中各个元素,而又不暴露该对象的内部表示。
当需要访问一个聚合对象,而且不管这些对象是什么都需要遍历的时候,你就应该考虑用迭代器模式。
package com.iterator;
public abstract class Iterator {
public abstract Object first();
public abstract Object next();
public abstract boolean hasNext();
}
package com.iterator;
public class ConcreteIterator extends Iterator{
private ConcreteAggregate aggregate;
private int count = -1;
public ConcreteIterator(ConcreteAggregate aggregate) {
this.aggregate = aggregate;
}
@Override
public Object first() {
return aggregate.getItem(0);
}
@Override
public Object next() {
count++;
Object ret = null;
if(count < aggregate.getCount()) {
ret = aggregate.getItem(count);
}
return ret;
}
@Override
public boolean hasNext() {
if((count + 1) < aggregate.getCount()) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
package com.iterator;
public abstract class Aggregate {
public abstract Iterator createIterator();
}
package com.iterator;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class ConcreteAggregate extends Aggregate{
public List<Object> items = new ArrayList<Object>();
@Override
public Iterator createIterator() {
return new ConcreteIterator(this);
}
public int getCount() {
return items.size();
}
public Object getItem(int index) {
return items.get(index);
}
}
package com.iterator;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ConcreteAggregate aggregate = new ConcreteAggregate();
aggregate.items.add("1");
aggregate.items.add("2");
aggregate.items.add("3");
aggregate.items.add("4");
aggregate.items.add("5");
aggregate.items.add("6");
Iterator i = new ConcreteIterator(aggregate);
while(i.hasNext()) {
System.err.println(i.next());
}
}
}
Iterator迭代器抽象类。
Aggregate聚集抽象类。
ConcreteIterator具体迭代器类,继承Iterator。
ConcreteAggregate具体聚集类,继承Aggregate。
迭代器(Iterator)模式就是分离了集合对象的遍历行为,抽象出一个迭代器类来负责,这样既可以做到不暴露集合的内部结构,又可让外部代码透明地访问集合内部的数据。
PS:摘录于《大话设计模式》