python经验分享

四则运算

import random
def generate_question(operation):
    num1 = random.randint(1, 10)
    num2 = random.randint(1, 10)
    if operation == '+':
        correct_answer = num1 + num2
    elif operation == '-':
        correct_answer = num1 - num2
    elif operation == '*':
        correct_answer = num1 * num2
    elif operation == '/':
        correct_answer = num1 / num2
    else:
        print("无效的运算符")
        return None, None
    return (num1, num2), correct_answer

def main():
    total_questions = 0
    correct_questions = 0
    while True:
        operation = input("请输入要进行的运算（+、-、*、/）或输入q退出：")
        if operation == 'q':
            break
        (num1, num2), correct_answer = generate_question(operation)
        user_answer = float(input(f"{num1} {operation} {num2} = "))
        if abs(user_answer - correct_answer) < 1e-6:
            print("回答正确")
            correct_questions += 1
        else:
            print("回答错误")
        total_questions += 1
    print(f"正确率：{correct_questions / total_questions * 100}%")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

有一些小问题和改进点。首先，当进行除法运算时，如果num2是1以外的数，那么生成的答案将是一个浮点数。然而，程序在比较用户答案和正确答案时，使用了浮点数直接比较（这在Python中通常是不推荐的，因为浮点数运算可能会引入微小的误差）。此外，当输入无效的运算符时，程序会打印消息并返回None, None，但在main函数中并没有处理这种情况，这可能导致运行时错误。
下面是一个改进后的版本，它处理了这些潜在的问题：
import random

def generate_question(operation):
    num1 = random.randint(1, 10)
    num2 = random.randint(1, 10)
    if operation == '+':
        correct_answer = num1 + num2
    elif operation == '-':
        correct_answer = num1 - num2
    elif operation == '*':
        correct_answer = num1 * num2
    elif operation == '/':
        # 避免除以0的情况，并确保答案为浮点数
        if num2 == 0:
            print("除数不能为0，已重新生成题目。")
            return generate_question(operation)  # 递归调用以重新生成题目
        correct_answer = num1 / num2
    else:
        print("无效的运算符")
        return None, None
    return (num1, num2), correct_answer

def main():
    total_questions = 0
    correct_questions = 0
    while True:
        operation = input("请输入要进行的运算（+、-、*、/）或输入q退出：")
        if operation == 'q':
            break
        result = generate_question(operation)
        if result is None:
            continue  # 跳过无效的运算符输入
        (num1, num2), correct_answer = result
        
        # 当进行除法时，允许用户输入浮点数
        if operation == '/':
            user_answer = float(input(f"{num1} {operation} {num2} = "))
        else:
            # 对于其他运算，尝试将输入转换为整数，如果失败则转为浮点数
            try:
                user_answer = int(input(f"{num1} {operation} {num2} = "))
            except ValueError:
                user_answer = float(input("请输入一个有效的数字："))

        # 使用一个小的容差来比较浮点数
        if abs(user_answer - correct_answer) < 1e-6:
            print("回答正确")
            correct_question