016 服务容错 Spring Cloud Hystrix

Spring Cloud Hystrix

• 防雪崩利器
• 基于Netflix对应的Hystrix
• 服务降级
• 依赖隔离
• 服务熔断
• 监控（Hystrix Dashboard）

服务降级

• 优先核心服务，非核心服务不可用或弱可用
• 通过HystrixCommand注解指定
• fallbackMethod(回退函数)中具体实现降级逻辑

一、添加服务容错

1.Finchley.RELEASE添加Maven依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.启动类添加注解

@EnableCircuitBreaker

或

@SpringCloudApplication

包含：
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableCircuitBreaker

3.添加 @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = “fallback”)注解

1.指定方法降级

例：

 @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "fallback")
 @GetMapping("/getProductInfoList")

2.默认降级

例：

@RestController
@DefaultProperties(defaultFallback = "defaultFallback")

在加:
@HystrixCommand

二、超时设置

@HystrixCommand(commandProperties = {
        @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "3000")
})
@GetMapping("/getProductInfoList"){
    ...
}

配置方式实现

• 1.添加注解

@HystrixCommand

• 2.添加配置文件

hystrix:
  command:
    default:
      execution:
        isolation:
          thread:
            timeoutInMilliseconds: 3000

可单独设置指定方法超市时间，例:getProductInfoList

hystrix:
  command:
    default:
      execution:
        isolation:
          thread:
            timeoutInMilliseconds: 1000
    getProductInfoList:
      execution:
        isolation:
          thread:
            timeoutInMilliseconds: 3000

三、断路器模式-服务熔断

@HystrixCommand(commandProperties = {
    @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.enabled", value = "true"), // 开启熔断机制
    @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.requestVolumeThreshold", value = "10"), // 设置当请求失败的数量达到10个后，打开断路器，默认值为20
    @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.sleepWindowInMilliseconds", value = "10000"), // 设置打开断路器多久以后开始尝试恢复，默认为5s
    @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.errorThresholdPercentage", value = "60"),  // 设置出错百分比阈值，当达到此阈值后，打开断路器，默认50%
})
@GetMapping("/getProductInfoList")
public String getProductInfoList(@RequestParam("number") Integer number){
    ...
}

四、feign-hystrix的使用

首先打开feign-hystrix

feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true

添加降级回调函数

• ProductClientFallback.class

@FeignClient(name = "product",fallback = ProductClient.ProductClientFallback.class)
public interface ProductClient {

    @PostMapping("/product/listForOrder")
    List<ProductInfoOutput> listForOrder(@RequestBody List<String> productIdList);

    @PostMapping("/product/decreaseStock")
    void decreaseStock(@RequestBody List<DecreaseStockInput> decreaseStockInputList);


    @Component
    static  class ProductClientFallback implements ProductClient{

        @Override
        public List<ProductInfoOutput> listForOrder(List<String> productIdList) {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public void decreaseStock(List<DecreaseStockInput> decreaseStockInputList) {

        }
    }
}

五、界面化

1.添加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.启动类添加注解

@EnableHystrixDashboard

3.访问hystrix

http://localhost:8081/hystrix

4.单服务监控

有：actuator

http://localhost:8081/hystrix/actuator/hystrix.stream