【C语言】实现小游戏（三子棋）

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本文档详细介绍了如何构建一个简单的三子棋游戏，包括游戏的整体构建、具体构建和实现过程。游戏由Sanzi_chess.c、game.h和game.c三个文件组成，实现了游戏菜单、初始化棋盘、玩家和电脑下棋、判断游戏结果等功能。玩家和电脑轮流在3x3的棋盘上下棋，当一方连成一线时获胜，或者棋盘填满则为平局。

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一、游戏整体构建

我们需要创建三个文件

1、Sanzi_chess.c -------- 测试游戏
2、game.h -------- 函数声明
3、game.c -------- 函数实现

二、游戏具体构建

1、游戏的设计思路

1、设计游戏菜单
2、初始化棋盘
3、打印棋盘
4、玩家下棋
5、电脑下棋
6、判断结果

代码如下：

#include "game.h"

void menu()
{
	printf("***************************\n");
	printf("********  1.play  *********\n");
	printf("********  0.exit  *********\n");
	printf("***************************\n");
}

void game()
{
	char ret = 0;
	//数据的存储需要一个3*3的二维数组
	char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
	Init_chessBoard(board, ROW, COL);
	display_chessboard(board, ROW, COL);
	//玩游戏
	while (1)
	{
		//玩家下棋
		player_move(board, ROW, COL);
		display_chessboard(board, ROW, COL);
		ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
		if (ret != 'C')
			break;

		//电脑下棋
		computer_move(board, ROW, COL);
		display_chessboard(board, ROW, COL);
		ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
		if (ret != 'C')
			break;
		
	}
	//玩家赢   -- '*'
	//电脑赢   -- '#'
	//平局     -- 'Q'
	//游戏继续 -- 'C'
	if (ret == '*')
	{
		printf("玩家赢！\n");
	}
	else if (ret == '#')
	{
		printf("电脑赢！\n");
	}
	else if (ret == 'Q')
	{
		printf("平局！\n");
	}
	display_chessboard(board, ROW, COL);
}
int main()
{
	int input = 0;
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));

	do
	{
		menu();
		printf("请选择：");
		scanf("%d", &input);
		switch (input)
		{
		case 1:
			game();
			break;
		case 0:
			printf("退出游戏\n");
			break;
		default:
			printf("选择错误，重新选择\n");
			break;
		}
	} while (input);
	return 0;
}

2、游戏函数的设计思路

2.1、初始化棋盘

void Init_chessBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	int j = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			board[i][j] = ' ';
		}
	}
}

2.2、打印棋盘

void display_chessboard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		int j = 0;
		for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
			if (j < col - 1)
				printf("|");
		}
		printf("\n");
		if (i < row - 1)
		{
			for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
			{
				printf("---");
				if (j < col - 1)
					printf("|");
			}
			printf("\n");
		}
	}
}

2.3、玩家下棋

void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int x = 0;
	int y = 0;
	printf("玩家下棋：\n");
	while (1)
	{
		printf("请输入要下的坐标：");
		scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
		//1、坐标合法性
		//2、坐标是否被占用
		if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col)
		{
			if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ')
			{
				board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
				break;
			}
			else
			{
				printf("该坐标被占用，请重新输入\n");
			}
		}
		else
		{
			printf("坐标非法，重新输入\n");
		}
	}
}

2.4、电脑下棋

void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	printf("电脑下棋：\n");
	while (1)
	{
		int x = rand() % row;
		int y = rand() % col;
		if (board[x][y] == ' ')
		{
			board[x][y] = '#';
			break;
		}
	}
}

2.5、判断结果

//如果棋盘满了，返回1
//不满，返回0
static int is_full(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < col; i++)
	{
		int j = 0;
		for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			if (' ' == board[i][j])
			{
				return 0;
			}
		}
	}
	return 1;
}

char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][0] != ' ')
		{
			return board[i][0];
		}
	}
	for (i = 0; i < col; i++)
	{
		if (board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i] && board[0][i] != ' ')
		{
			return board[0][i];
		}
	}
	if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] != ' ')
	{
		return board[1][1];
	}
	if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] != ' ')
	{
		return board[1][1];
	}
	//判断平局
	if (is_full(board, row, col) == 1)
	{
		return 'Q';
	}
	//继续
	return 'C';
}

三、游戏实现

1、创建Sanzi_chess.c文件

#include "game.h"

void menu()
{
	printf("***************************\n");
	printf("********  1.play  *********\n");
	printf("********  0.exit  *********\n");
	printf("***************************\n");
}

void game()
{
	char ret = 0;
	//数据的存储需要一个3*3的二维数组
	char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
	Init_chessBoard(board, ROW, COL);
	display_chessboard(board, ROW, COL);
	//玩游戏
	while (1)
	{
		//玩家下棋
		player_move(board, ROW, COL);
		display_chessboard(board, ROW, COL);
		ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
		if (ret != 'C')
			break;

		//电脑下棋
		computer_move(board, ROW, COL);
		display_chessboard(board, ROW, COL);
		ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
		if (ret != 'C')
			break;
		
	}
	//玩家赢   -- '*'
	//电脑赢   -- '#'
	//平局     -- 'Q'
	//游戏继续 -- 'C'
	if (ret == '*')
	{
		printf("玩家赢！\n");
	}
	else if (ret == '#')
	{
		printf("电脑赢！\n");
	}
	else if (ret == 'Q')
	{
		printf("平局！\n");
	}
	display_chessboard(board, ROW, COL);
}
int main()
{
	int input = 0;
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));

	do
	{
		menu();
		printf("请选择：");
		scanf("%d", &input);
		switch (input)
		{
		case 1:
			game();
			break;
		case 0:
			printf("退出游戏\n");
			break;
		default:
			printf("选择错误，重新选择\n");
			break;
		}
	} while (input);
	return 0;
}

2、创建game.h文件

#pragma once

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>

#define ROW 3
#define COL 3

//初始化棋盘
void Init_chessBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

//打印棋盘
void display_chessboard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

//玩家下棋
void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

//电脑下棋
void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

//判断结果
char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

3、创建game.c文件

#include "game.h"

//初始化棋盘
void Init_chessBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	int j = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			board[i][j] = ' ';
		}
	}
}

//打印棋盘
void display_chessboard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		int j = 0;
		for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
			if (j < col - 1)
				printf("|");
		}
		printf("\n");
		if (i < row - 1)
		{
			for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
			{
				printf("---");
				if (j < col - 1)
					printf("|");
			}
			printf("\n");
		}
	}
}

//玩家下棋
void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int x = 0;
	int y = 0;
	printf("玩家下棋：\n");
	while (1)
	{
		printf("请输入要下的坐标：");
		scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
		//1、坐标合法性
		//2、坐标是否被占用
		if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col)
		{
			if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ')
			{
				board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
				break;
			}
			else
			{
				printf("该坐标被占用，请重新输入\n");
			}
		}
		else
		{
			printf("坐标非法，重新输入\n");
		}
	}
}

//电脑下棋
void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	printf("电脑下棋：\n");
	while (1)
	{
		int x = rand() % row;
		int y = rand() % col;
		if (board[x][y] == ' ')
		{
			board[x][y] = '#';
			break;
		}
	}
}

//如果棋盘满了，返回1
//不满，返回0
static int is_full(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < col; i++)
	{
		int j = 0;
		for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			if (' ' == board[i][j])
			{
				return 0;
			}
		}
	}
	return 1;
}

//判断结果
char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][0] != ' ')
		{
			return board[i][0];
		}
	}
	for (i = 0; i < col; i++)
	{
		if (board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i] && board[0][i] != ' ')
		{
			return board[0][i];
		}
	}
	if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] != ' ')
	{
		return board[1][1];
	}
	if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] != ' ')
	{
		return board[1][1];
	}
	//判断平局
	if (is_full(board, row, col) == 1)
	{
		return 'Q';
	}
	//继续
	return 'C';
}```