C++基础知识

全局变量

在C++中，不允许定义多个同名的全局变量

 

#include <iostream>

//int g_var;
int g_var = 1;

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	printf("g_var = %d\n", g_var);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

struct类型

C++中的struct是一个新类型的定义声明，C语言的struct定义了一组变量的集合，C编译器并不认为这是一种新的类型

 

#include <iostream>
struct Student
{
	char name[8];
	int age;
};

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	Student s1 = { "Lily", 18 };  //not allow in c
	Student s2 = { "Lucy", 20 };
	std::cout << s1.name << s1.age << std::endl;
	std::cout << s2.name << s2.age << std::endl;
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

引用

#include <iostream>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	int a = 10;
	int &b = a;
	int &c = b;
	b = 11;
	std::cout << "b:" <<  b << std::endl;   //11
	std::cout << "a:" << a << std::endl;   //11

	c = 12;
	std::cout << "b:" << b << std::endl;  //12
	std::cout << "a:" << a << std::endl;  //12
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
void swap(int &a, int &b)
{
	int c = 0;
	c = a;
	a = b;
	b = c;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	int a = 10; int b = 20;
	swap(a, b);
	std::cout << "a = " << a << " b = " << b << std::endl; //20 10
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

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