Spring Cloud（三）Rest学习环境搭建：服务提供者

一：总体介绍

• 我们会使用一个Dept部门模块做一个微服务通用案例Consumer消费者（Client）通过REST调用Provide提供者（Server）提供的服务。
• 回忆Spring、SpringMVC、Mybatis等以往学习的知识。。。
• Maven的分包分模块架构复习

 // 一个简单的maven模块结构是这样的

--  // app-parent：一个父项目（app-parent）聚合很多子项目（app-util、app-dao。。。）
   |-- pom.xml
   |
   |-- app-core
   ||---- pom.xml
   |
   |-- app-web
  ||----pom.xml
  ......

一个父工程携带者多个子Module子模块
Micro Service Cloud父工程（project）下初次带着3个子模块（Module）

• microservicecloud-api【封装的整体entity/接口/公共配置等】
• microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001【服务提供者】
• microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80【服务消费者】

二：SpringCloud版本选择

大版本说明

Spring Boot	Spring Cloud	关系
1.2.x	Angel版本（天使）	兼容Spring Boot 1.2.x
1.3.x	Brixton版本（布里克斯顿）	兼容Spring Boot 1.3.x，也兼容Spring Boot 1.4.x
1.4.x	Camden版本（卡姆登）	兼容Spring Boot 1.4.x，也兼容Spring Boot 1.5.x
1.5.x	Dalston版本（多尔斯顿）	兼容Spring Boot 1.5.x，不兼容Spring Boot 2.0.x
1.5.x	Edgware版本（埃奇韦尔）	兼容Spring Boot 1.5.x，不兼容Spring Boot 2.0.x
2.0.x	Finchley版本（芬奇利）	兼容Spring Boot 2.0.x，不兼容Spring Boot 1.5.x
2.1.x	Greenwich版本（格林威治）

实际开发版本关系

Spring-boot-starter-parent		spring-cloud-dependencies
版本号	发布日期	版本号	发布日期
1.5.2.RELEASE	2017年3月	Daiston.RC1	2017年未知月
1.5.9.RELEASE	Nov,2017	Edgware.RELEASE	Nov,2017
1.5.16.RELEASE	Sep,2018	Edgware.SR5	Oct,2018
1.5.20.RELEASE	Apr,2019	Edgware.SR5	Oct,2018
2.0.2.RELEASE	May,2018	Finchlry.BYILD-SNAPSHOT	2018年未知月
2.0.6.RELEASE	Oct,2018	Finchlry.SR2	Oct,2018
2.1.4.RELEASE	Apr,2019	Greenwich.SR1	Mar,2019

三：搭建一个最简单的步骤

1. 首先创建一个maven项目，并且引入相关依赖等信息

<properties>
    <project.bulid.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.bulid.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
    <lombok.version>1.16.10</lombok.version>
</properties>

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-dependencies   springCloud的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>Greenwich.SR1</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringBoot依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--数据库-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringBoot 启动器-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--日志测试-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>${lombok.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Log4j-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>


    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

2. 创建公共模块 API

• 引入依赖

<dependencies>
    <!--Feign-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

• 创建实体类

import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * Dept 部门表实体类
 * */
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@Accessors(chain = true) // 链式写法
public class Dept implements Serializable {

    private Long deptno;
    private String dname;
    // 这个数据数存在哪个数据库的字段~ 微服务，一个服务对应一个数据库；同一个信息可能存在不同的数据库
    private String db_source;

    public Dept(String dname) {
        this.dname = dname;
    }
}

3. 创建 provider

• 引入依赖

<dependencies>
    <!--Eureka-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--我们需要拿到实体类，所以需要配置API Moduel-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.kuang</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--junit-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
        <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--test-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--jetty-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--完善监控信息-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--热部署-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

• Controller层

import com.kuang.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import com.kuang.springcloud.service.DeptService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.List;

// 提供 Restful 服务
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/dept")
public class DeptController {

    @Autowired
    private DeptService deptService;

    @PostMapping()
    public boolean addDept(Dept dept) {
        return deptService.addDept(dept);
    }

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public Dept queryById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return deptService.queryById(id);
    }

    @GetMapping()
    public List<Dept> queryAll() {
        return deptService.queryAll();
    }

}

• Service层

import com.kuang.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import java.util.List;

public interface DeptService {

    public boolean addDept(Dept dept);

    public Dept queryById(Long id);

    public List<Dept> queryAll();

}

• ServiceImpl层

import com.kuang.springcloud.mapper.DeptMapper;
import com.kuang.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import com.kuang.springcloud.service.DeptService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;

@Service
public class DeptServiceImpl implements DeptService {

    @Autowired
    private DeptMapper deptMapper;

    @Override
    public boolean addDept(Dept dept) {
        return deptMapper.addDept(dept);
    }

    @Override
    public Dept queryById(Long id) {
        return deptMapper.queryById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Dept> queryAll() {
        return deptMapper.queryAll();
    }
}

• Mapper

import com.kuang.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

@Mapper
@Repository
public interface DeptMapper {

    boolean addDept(Dept dept);

    Dept queryById(Long id);

    List<Dept> queryAll();

}

• 启动类

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@SpringBootApplication
// Eureka部分后续会讲到，这里可以先不用
@EnableEurekaClient // 在服务启动后，自动注册到Eureka中
public class DeptProvider_8001 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DeptProvider_8001.class, args);
    }

}

4. 创建 consumer

• 引入依赖

<dependencies>
    <!--Ribbon-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--Eureka--> // Eureka部分后续会讲到，这里可以先不用
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.kuang</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--热部署-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

• Controller层

import com.kuang.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/consumer/dept")
public class DeptConsumerController {

    // 提供多种便捷访问远程 http 服务的方法，简单的 restful 服务模板
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://127.0.0.1:8001";
    
    @PostMapping()
    public boolean insert(Dept dept) {
        return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept", dept, Boolean.class);
    }

    @GetMapping()
    public List<Dept> getAll() {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept", List.class);
    }

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/" + id, Dept.class);
    }

}

• 启动类

import com.kuang.myrule.NuoRule;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient // Eureka部分后续会讲到，这里可以先不用
public class DeptConsumer_81 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer_81.class, args);
    }

}