Socket编程服务器和客户端【重要】

socket编程服务器和客户端【重要】

看过很多网上大神们写的socket，无论复杂或是简洁，感觉对于新手都不是很友好，写的步骤和过程描述得不是很清晰，最近又想起来要写一写，就当做个笔记吧~

不多说！开整~

写服务器步骤

1、创建socket
2、初始化端口和IP
3、bind
4、listen
5、accept
6、和客户端交互

写客户端步骤

1、创建socket
2、初始化端口和IP
3、connect
4、和服务器交互

下面直接上干货，中间这些函数想去了解的可以自行百度，本想好好把每个函数都解释一遍，奈何时间不允许~

服务器代码：

// socket_server.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define SOCKET_PORT 8888

int main(void)
{
	int iRet = -1;
	int socket_fd = -1;
	int new_socket_fd = -1;
	struct sockaddr_in addr;
	struct sockaddr_in new_addr;
	int new_addr_len = sizeof(new_addr);
	char buffer[1024] = {0};
	char new_buffer[1024] = {0};
	
	/*1.create socket fd based on TCP*/
	socket_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	printf("socket_fd : %d\n", socket_fd);
	if(socket_fd == -1)
	{
		printf("socket create faild!\n");
		exit(-1);	
	}
	
	/*2.init the port and IP address*/
	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
	addr.sin_family = AF_INET;  /*Internet address family*/
	addr.sin_port = htons(SOCKET_PORT);
	addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);

	/*3.bind socket with addr*/
	iRet = bind(socket_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));
	if(iRet == -1)
	{
		printf("bind faild!\n");
		return 0;
	}

	/*4.listen the new client from socketfd*/
	iRet = listen(socket_fd, 5);
	if(iRet == -1)
	{
		printf("listen faild!\n");
		return 0;
	}
	
	/*5.create a new socket fd(different from the socket_fd before) and use it to  accept the client*/
	printf("Waiting for client connect:\n");
	new_socket_fd = accept(socket_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&new_addr, &new_addr_len);
	if(new_socket_fd < 0)
	{
		printf("accept faild!\n");
		return 0;
	}
	printf("accept new_socket_fd : [%d]\n", new_socket_fd);

	/*6.communciate with client*/
	while(1)
	{
		iRet = read(new_socket_fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer)); /*if nothing to read, it will block*/
		printf("receive data : %s, length : %d\n", buffer, iRet);
		if(strcmp(buffer, "quit") == 0) /*strncmp is better*/
		{
			printf("quit!\n");
			break;
		}
		strcpy(new_buffer, "The server has received your data:"); /*strncpy is better*/
		strncat(new_buffer, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
		printf("send to client : %s\n", new_buffer);	
		iRet = write(new_socket_fd, new_buffer, sizeof(new_buffer));
		if(iRet <= 0)
		{
			printf("write faild!\n");
			return 0;
		}
		memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
		memset(new_buffer, 0, sizeof(new_buffer));
	}
	return 0;
}

客户端代码：

// socket_client.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define SOCKET_PORT 8888

int main(void)
{	
	int iRet = -1;
	int socket_fd = -1;
	int addr_len = 0;
	struct sockaddr_in addr;
	char buffer[1024] = {0};

	/*1.create socket fd*/	
	socket_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if(socket_fd == -1)
	{
		printf("scoket create faild!\n");
		exit(-1);
	}
	printf("socket_fd : %d\n", socket_fd);

	/*2.init the port and IP address which it will visit*/
	addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	addr.sin_port = htons(SOCKET_PORT);
#if 0
	addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");                //The two ways are all OK,usually we use the second method
	printf("addr.sin_dddr.s_addr : %d\n", addr.sin_addr.s_addr);
#else
	inet_aton("127.0.0.1", &(addr.sin_addr));
	printf("addr.sin_dddr.s_addr : %d\n", addr.sin_addr.s_addr);
#endif
	
	/*3.connect it*/
	addr_len = sizeof(addr);
	iRet = connect(socket_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, addr_len);
	if(iRet == -1)
	{	
		printf("connect faild!\n");
		return 0;
	}

	/*4.communicate with the server*/
	printf("Please input what you want to server:\n");
	while(1)
	{
		scanf("%s", (char *)buffer);
		printf("what you input is : %s\n", buffer);
		iRet = write(socket_fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
		printf("write iRet : %d\n", iRet);
		if(!strcmp(buffer, "quit"))
		{
			break;
		}
		memset(&buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
		iRet = read(socket_fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer)); /*when buffer is NULL, the read will block*/
		printf("%s , length : %d\n", buffer, iRet);
		printf("Communicate OK!\n");
		memset(&buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
	}
	return 0;
}

自己验证可用，保存以便以后查看~
多客户端的代码，以后再行补充~
后记：
发布的时候折磨了很久，又是重新下载UC浏览器又是换其他浏览器，都没搞定，最后看到了一篇这个文章，然后，搞定了~哈哈哈哈哈哈，点击传送门，自行查看！