EAP学术论文写作笔记

写作体裁

1 report

(1)  Classifyingreports:Stage1: Classificationsystem Stage2: Types and subtypes

The major ofsoftware engineering can be classified into three main areas: System Software,Information System technology and Digital and Artificial Technology.

Descriptivereports: Stages:Classification + Description

Classification:

Description:(Phases:Structure, Color, Composition, Size and Weight, Shape, Function, Property)

(2)  Compositionalreports:

Classification ofentity + Components

Atoms are theunits for elements The atom is basically composed of electrons, protons, andneutrons.

2 Explanation

(1)  Sequential

(phenomenon +explanation)

In the wetseason, huge volumes of water flow from the escarpments. When this water hitsthe flood plains it slows down and spreads out forming the wetlands. Thewetlands border the sea, however a series of sand ridges stopped sea waterflowing into the wetlands. This kept the wetland water fresh.

(2)  FactorialExplanation多个原因导致一个结果

phenomenon

explanation1-3

(3)  ConsequentialExplanation一个原因导致多个结果

Phenomenon

Consequnce1-3

3 Argument

(1)  Exposition

Preview + Thesis

Argument1-3

Summary + Recommendation

(2)  Discussion

Issue + Side (against:feel  for:consider/argue)

Side1 & Side2

Resolution

Tips

客观，书面（正式），精确

objectivity,formality,precision

客观：

1、不要过度使用第一人称

2、使用被动代替主动

3、不要使用语气太强的词，使用would等词缓和语气

书面

1、避免日常不正式的单词

2、避免缩写：contractions

3、避免rhetorical questions

4、使用正式词组，increase代替going up

5、动词放在中间不是放在句子之前或者最后

nominalization名词化

精确

不使用在口语中的多意词