FFMPEG官方示例摘选(2021.04.26,V4.4)

前言

文档来源:https://www.ffmpeg.org/doxygen/4.0/examples.html
刚接触ffmpeg,记录一下需要使用的方便查阅

读取信息 avio_reading.c

点击查看代码
/**
 * @file
 * libavformat AVIOContext API example.
 *
 * Make libavformat demuxer access media content through a custom
 * AVIOContext read callback.
 * @example avio_reading.c
 */
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
#include <libavformat/avio.h>
#include <libavutil/file.h>
struct buffer_data {
    uint8_t *ptr;
    size_t size; ///< size left in the buffer
};
static int read_packet(void *opaque, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size)
{
    struct buffer_data *bd = (struct buffer_data *)opaque;
    buf_size = FFMIN(buf_size, bd->size);
    if (!buf_size)
        return AVERROR_EOF;
    printf("ptr:%p size:%zu\n", bd->ptr, bd->size);
    /* copy internal buffer data to buf */
    memcpy(buf, bd->ptr, buf_size);
    bd->ptr  += buf_size;
    bd->size -= buf_size;
    return buf_size;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    AVFormatContext *fmt_ctx = NULL;
    AVIOContext *avio_ctx = NULL;
    uint8_t *buffer = NULL, *avio_ctx_buffer = NULL;
    size_t buffer_size, avio_ctx_buffer_size = 4096;
    char *input_filename = NULL;
    int ret = 0;
    struct buffer_data bd = { 0 };
    if (argc != 2) {
        fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s input_file\n"
                "API example program to show how to read from a custom buffer "
                "accessed through AVIOContext.\n", argv[0]);
        return 1;
    }
    input_filename = argv[1];
    /* slurp file content into buffer */
    ret = av_file_map(input_filename, &buffer, &buffer_size, 0, NULL);
    if (ret < 0)
        goto end;
    /* fill opaque structure used by the AVIOContext read callback */
    bd.ptr  = buffer;
    bd.size = buffer_size;
    if (!(fmt_ctx = avformat_alloc_context())) {
        ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
        goto end;
    }
    avio_ctx_buffer = av_malloc(avio_ctx_buffer_size);
    if (!avio_ctx_buffer) {
        ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
        goto end;
    }
    avio_ctx = avio_alloc_context(avio_ctx_buffer, avio_ctx_buffer_size,
                                  0, &bd, &read_packet, NULL, NULL);
    if (!avio_ctx) {
        ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
        goto end;
    }
    fmt_ctx->pb = avio_ctx;
    ret = avformat_open_input(&fmt_ctx, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not open input\n");
        goto end;
    }
    ret = avformat_find_stream_info(fmt_ctx, NULL);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not find stream information\n");
        goto end;
    }
    av_dump_format(fmt_ctx, 0, input_filename, 0);
end:
    avformat_close_input(&fmt_ctx);
    /* note: the internal buffer could have changed, and be != avio_ctx_buffer */
    if (avio_ctx) {
        av_freep(&avio_ctx->buffer);
        av_freep(&avio_ctx);
    }
    av_file_unmap(buffer, buffer_size);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error occurred: %s\n", av_err2str(ret));
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

音频解码 decode_audio.c

点击查看代码
/**
 * @file
 * audio decoding with libavcodec API example
 *
 * @example decode_audio.c
 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <libavutil/frame.h>
#include <libavutil/mem.h>
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#define AUDIO_INBUF_SIZE 20480
#define AUDIO_REFILL_THRESH 4096
static void decode(AVCodecContext *dec_ctx, AVPacket *pkt, AVFrame *frame,
                   FILE *outfile)
{
    int i, ch;
    int ret, data_size;
    /* send the packet with the compressed data to the decoder */
    ret = avcodec_send_packet(dec_ctx, pkt);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error submitting the packet to the decoder\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    /* read all the output frames (in general there may be any number of them */
    while (ret >= 0) {
        ret = avcodec_receive_frame(dec_ctx, frame);
        if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN) || ret == AVERROR_EOF)
            return;
        else if (ret < 0) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Error during decoding\n");
            exit(1);
        }
        data_size = av_get_bytes_per_sample(dec_ctx->sample_fmt);
        if (data_size < 0) {
            /* This should not occur, checking just for paranoia */
            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to calculate data size\n");
            exit(1);
        }
        for (i = 0; i < frame->nb_samples; i++)
            for (ch = 0; ch < dec_ctx->channels; ch++)
                fwrite(frame->data[ch] + data_size*i, 1, data_size, outfile);
    }
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    const char *outfilename, *filename;
    const AVCodec *codec;
    AVCodecContext *c= NULL;
    AVCodecParserContext *parser = NULL;
    int len, ret;
    FILE *f, *outfile;
    uint8_t inbuf[AUDIO_INBUF_SIZE + AV_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE];
    uint8_t *data;
    size_t   data_size;
    AVPacket *pkt;
    AVFrame *decoded_frame = NULL;
    if (argc <= 2) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <input file> <output file>\n", argv[0]);
        exit(0);
    }
    filename    = argv[1];
    outfilename = argv[2];
    pkt = av_packet_alloc();
    /* find the MPEG audio decoder */
    codec = avcodec_find_decoder(AV_CODEC_ID_MP2);
    if (!codec) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Codec not found\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    parser = av_parser_init(codec->id);
    if (!parser) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Parser not found\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    c = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
    if (!c) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate audio codec context\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    /* open it */
    if (avcodec_open2(c, codec, NULL) < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not open codec\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    f = fopen(filename, "rb");
    if (!f) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not open %s\n", filename);
        exit(1);
    }
    outfile = fopen(outfilename, "wb");
    if (!outfile) {
        av_free(c);
        exit(1);
    }
    /* decode until eof */
    data      = inbuf;
    data_size = fread(inbuf, 1, AUDIO_INBUF_SIZE, f);
    while (data_size > 0) {
        if (!decoded_frame) {
            if (!(decoded_frame = av_frame_alloc())) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate audio frame\n");
                exit(1);
            }
        }
        ret = av_parser_parse2(parser, c, &pkt->data, &pkt->size,
                               data, data_size,
                               AV_NOPTS_VALUE, AV_NOPTS_VALUE, 0);
        if (ret < 0) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Error while parsing\n");
            exit(1);
        }
        data      += ret;
        data_size -= ret;
        if (pkt->size)
            decode(c, pkt, decoded_frame, outfile);
        if (data_size < AUDIO_REFILL_THRESH) {
            memmove(inbuf, data, data_size);
            data = inbuf;
            len = fread(data + data_size, 1,
                        AUDIO_INBUF_SIZE - data_size, f);
            if (len > 0)
                data_size += len;
        }
    }
    /* flush the decoder */
    pkt->data = NULL;
    pkt->size = 0;
    decode(c, pkt, decoded_frame, outfile);
    fclose(outfile);
    fclose(f);
    avcodec_free_context(&c);
    av_parser_close(parser);
    av_frame_free(&decoded_frame);
    av_packet_free(&pkt);
    return 0;
}

视频解码 decode_video.c

点击查看代码
/**
 * @file
 * video decoding with libavcodec API example
 *
 * @example decode_video.c
 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#define INBUF_SIZE 4096
static void pgm_save(unsigned char *buf, int wrap, int xsize, int ysize,
                     char *filename)
{
    FILE *f;
    int i;
    f = fopen(filename,"w");
    fprintf(f, "P5\n%d %d\n%d\n", xsize, ysize, 255);
    for (i = 0; i < ysize; i++)
        fwrite(buf + i * wrap, 1, xsize, f);
    fclose(f);
}
static void decode(AVCodecContext *dec_ctx, AVFrame *frame, AVPacket *pkt,
                   const char *filename)
{
    char buf[1024];
    int ret;
    ret = avcodec_send_packet(dec_ctx, pkt);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error sending a packet for decoding\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    while (ret >= 0) {
        ret = avcodec_receive_frame(dec_ctx, frame);
        if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN) || ret == AVERROR_EOF)
            return;
        else if (ret < 0) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Error during decoding\n");
            exit(1);
        }
        printf("saving frame %3d\n", dec_ctx->frame_number);
        fflush(stdout);
        /* the picture is allocated by the decoder. no need to
           free it */
        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s-%d", filename, dec_ctx->frame_number);
        pgm_save(frame->data[0], frame->linesize[0],
                 frame->width, frame->height, buf);
    }
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    const char *filename, *outfilename;
    const AVCodec *codec;
    AVCodecParserContext *parser;
    AVCodecContext *c= NULL;
    FILE *f;
    AVFrame *frame;
    uint8_t inbuf[INBUF_SIZE + AV_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE];
    uint8_t *data;
    size_t   data_size;
    int ret;
    AVPacket *pkt;
    if (argc <= 2) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <input file> <output file>\n", argv[0]);
        exit(0);
    }
    filename    = argv[1];
    outfilename = argv[2];
    pkt = av_packet_alloc();
    if (!pkt)
        exit(1);
    /* set end of buffer to 0 (this ensures that no overreading happens for damaged MPEG streams) */
    memset(inbuf + INBUF_SIZE, 0, AV_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE);
    /* find the MPEG-1 video decoder */
    codec = avcodec_find_decoder(AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG1VIDEO);
    if (!codec) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Codec not found\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    parser = av_parser_init(codec->id);
    if (!parser) {
        fprintf(stderr, "parser not found\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    c = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
    if (!c) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate video codec context\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    /* For some codecs, such as msmpeg4 and mpeg4, width and height
       MUST be initialized there because this information is not
       available in the bitstream. */
    /* open it */
    if (avcodec_open2(c, codec, NULL) < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not open codec\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    f = fopen(filename, "rb");
    if (!f) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not open %s\n", filename);
        exit(1);
    }
    frame = av_frame_alloc();
    if (!frame) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate video frame\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    while (!feof(f)) {
        /* read raw data from the input file */
        data_size = fread(inbuf, 1, INBUF_SIZE, f);
        if (!data_size)
            break;
        /* use the parser to split the data into frames */
        data = inbuf;
        while (data_size > 0) {
            ret = av_parser_parse2(parser, c, &pkt->data, &pkt->size,
                                   data, data_size, AV_NOPTS_VALUE, AV_NOPTS_VALUE, 0);
            if (ret < 0) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Error while parsing\n");
                exit(1);
            }
            data      += ret;
            data_size -= ret;
            if (pkt->size)
                decode(c, frame, pkt, outfilename);
        }
    }
    /* flush the decoder */
    decode(c, frame, NULL, outfilename);
    fclose(f);
    av_parser_close(parser);
    avcodec_free_context(&c);
    av_frame_free(&frame);
    av_packet_free(&pkt);
    return 0;
}
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