c++嵌入python3示例

直接上代码

#include <Python.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>


#define SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Obj) \
if ((Obj) != nullptr) {\
Py_DECREF((Obj));\
(Obj) = nullptr; }

// 初始化Python
void InitPython() {
    // 初始化python环境变量，用来寻找.py文件
    if (!Py_IsInitialized()) {
        Py_Initialize();
        std::cout << std::endl << "Py_Initialize" << std::endl << std::endl;
        PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");
        PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('./')");
        PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('D:/Document/VSProj/PythonVM/Scripts/')");
        PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('D:/Document/VSProj/PythonVM/Scripts/yolov3')");
        PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('D:/Document/VSProj/PythonVM/ThirdParty/PythonPackages')");
    }
}

// 释放Python
void FinalizePython() {
    if (Py_IsInitialized()) {
        Py_Finalize();
        std::cout << std::endl << "Py_Finalize" << std::endl << std::endl;
    }
}

int main()
{
    InitPython();

    // 例子：调用函数
    {
        std::cout << "---------Test1---------" << std::endl;
        PyObject* Module = PyImport_ImportModule("test_py");
        PyObject* Func = PyObject_GetAttrString(Module, "funcEmpty");
        if (Func) {
            PyObject* Args = Py_BuildValue("");
            PyObject_Call(Func, Args, nullptr);
            SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Args);
        }
        SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Func);
        SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Module);
    }

    // 例子：传递数组到Python
    {
        std::cout << "---------Test2---------" << std::endl;
        PyObject* Module = PyImport_ImportModule("test_py");
        PyObject* Func = PyObject_GetAttrString(Module, "funcList");
        if (Func) {
            const int ArySize = 5;
            double CArray[ArySize] = { 1.2,2.3,3.4,4.5,5.9 };
            PyObject* ListObj = PyList_New(5);
            for (int i = 0; i < ArySize; ++i) {
                PyList_SetItem(ListObj, i, PyFloat_FromDouble(CArray[i]));
            }
            PyObject* Args = Py_BuildValue("(O)", ListObj);
            PyObject_Call(Func, Args, nullptr);
            SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Args);
            SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(ListObj);
        }
        SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Func);
        SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Module);
    }
    // 例子：传递字符串到Python
    {
        std::cout << "---------Test3---------" << std::endl;
        PyObject* Module = PyImport_ImportModule("test_py");
        PyObject* Func = PyObject_GetAttrString(Module, "funcString");
        if (Func) {
            std::string Str = "String Param";
            PyObject* Args = Py_BuildValue("(s)", Str.c_str());
            PyObject_Call(Func, Args, nullptr);
            SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Args);
        }
        SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Func);
        SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Module);
    }
    // 例子：从Python获取字符串
    {
        std::cout << "---------Test4---------" << std::endl;
        PyObject* Module = PyImport_ImportModule("test_py");
        PyObject* Func = PyObject_GetAttrString(Module, "funcGetString");
        if (Func) {
            PyObject* Args = Py_BuildValue("");
            PyObject* Result = PyObject_Call(Func, Args, nullptr);
            if (Result) {
                Py_ssize_t Size = 0;
                const char* CharRet = PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize(Result, &Size);
                if (Size > 0 && CharRet != nullptr) {
                    std::cout << CharRet << std::endl;
                }
            }
            SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Args);
            SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Result);
        }
        SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Func);
        SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Module);
    }
    // 例子：从Python获取int
    {
        std::cout << "---------Test5---------" << std::endl;
        PyObject* Module = PyImport_ImportModule("test_py");
        PyObject* Func = PyObject_GetAttrString(Module, "funcGetInt");
        if (Func) {
            PyObject* Args = Py_BuildValue("");
            PyObject* Result = PyObject_Call(Func, Args, nullptr);
            if (Result) {
                std::cout << _PyLong_AsInt(Result) << std::endl;
            }
            SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Args);
            SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Result);
        }
        SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Func);
        SAFE_DELETE_PYOBJECT(Module);
    }
    // 例子：运行Python文件
    {
        std::cout << "---------Test6---------" << std::endl;
        char filename[] = "D:/Document/VSProj/PythonVM/Scripts/test_py.py";
        FILE* fp = fopen(filename, "r");
        if (fp) {
            PyRun_SimpleFile(fp, filename);
            fclose(fp);
            fp = nullptr;
        }
    }

    FinalizePython();

    getchar();
    return 0;
}

Python文件:test_py.py

import os

def funcList(listobj):
    print(listobj)

def funcEmpty():
	print('Call Empty Function')
    
def funcString(str):
    print(str)
    
def funcGetString():
    return('funcGetString: get value')
    
def funcGetInt():
    return 33321

if __name__ == '__main__':
    print('Run Main')