SSM 整合的实现方式可分为两种:基于 XML 配置方式,基于注解方式
1.界面层(视图层)—— SpringMvc:主要功能是是接受用户的数据,显示请求的处理结果。使用 web 页面和用户交互,手机 app 也就是表示层的,用户在 app 中操作,业务逻辑在服务器端处理。
2.业务逻辑层 —— Spring:接收表示传递过来的数据,检查数据,计算业务逻辑,调用数据访问层获取数据。
3.数据访问层 —— MyBatis:与数据库打交道。主要实现对数据的增、删、改、查。将存储在数据库中的数据提交给业务层,同时将业务层处理的数据保存到数据库。
为什么要使用三层?
1,结构清晰、耦合度低, 各层分工明确
2,可维护性高,可扩展性高
3,有利于标准化
4,开发人员可以只关注整个结构中的其中某一层的功能实现
5,有利于各层逻辑的复用
1.建立表和Web工程,导入maven依赖和插件
2.配置web.xml
注册中央调度器
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:conf/dispatcherServlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
注册监听器
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:conf/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
注册字符集过滤器
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
3.定义包,组织程序的结构
4.编写配置文件
- Spring 配置文件(用到属性配置文件)
<!--spring的配置文件,声明service,dao,工具类等对象-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:conf/jdbc.properties" />
<!--声明数据源,连接数据库-->
<bean id="dateSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
init-method="init" destroy-method="clone">
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>
<!--声明SqlSessionFactoryBean创建SqlSessionFactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dateSource" />
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:conf/mybatis.xml" />
</bean>
<!--声明mybatis的扫描器,创建dao对象-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
<property name="basePackage" value="com.bjpowernode.dao" />
</bean>
<!--声明service的注解@Service所在的包名-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bjpowernode.service" />
<!--事务配置:注解的配置,aspectj(切面编程)的配置-->
- SpringMvc 配置文件
<!--springmvc的配置文件,声明controller和其他web相关对象-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bjpowernode.controller"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!--
1.响应ajax请求,返回json
2.解决静态资源访问问题
-->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
- MyBatis配置文件
<configuration>
<!--设置别名-->
<typeAliases>
<!--name:实体类所在包名-->
<package name="com.bjpowernode.domain"/>
</typeAliases>
<mappers>
<!--告诉 mybatis 要执行的 sql 语句的位置-->
<!--name是mapper文件所在包名,包中所有的mapper.xml一次都能加载-->
<!--使用package的要求:
1.mapper文件名称和dao接口名必须完全一样,包括大小写
2.mapper文件和dao接口必须在同一目录
-->
<package name="com.bjpowernode.dao"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
5.写实体类
public class Student {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String email;
private Integer age;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
6.写Dao 接口和 sql 映射文件(mapper文件,编写SQL语句)
public interface StudentDao {
int insertStudent(Student student);
List<Student> selectStudents();
}
<mapper namespace="com.bjpowernode.dao.StudentDao">
<select id="selectStudents" resultType="com.bjpowernode.domain.Student">
select id,name,email,age from student order by id desc
</select>
<insert id="insertStudent" >
insert into student(name,email,age) values(#{name},#{email},#{age})
</insert>
</mapper>
7.写Service 接口和实现类
public interface StudentService {
int addStudent(Student student);
List<Student> findStudents();
}
@Service
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {
//引用类型自动注入:@Resource,@Autowired
@Resource
private StudentDao studentDao;
@Override
public int addStudent(Student student) {
int nums = studentDao.insertStudent(student);
return nums;
}
@Override
public List<Student> findStudents() {
return studentDao.selectStudents();
}
}
8.处理器定义
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/student")
public class StudentController {
@Resource
private StudentService studentService;
//注册学生
@RequestMapping("/addStudent.do")
public ModelAndView addStudent(Student student){
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
String tips = "注册失败";
//调用service处理student
int nums = studentService.addStudent(student);
if(nums > 0){
tips = "学生【" + student.getName() + "】注册成功";
}
mv.addObject("tips",tips);
mv.setViewName("result");
return mv;
}
//处理查询,响应ajax
@RequestMapping("/queryStudent.do")
@ResponseBody
public List<Student> queryStudent(){
List<Student> students = studentService.findStudents();
return students;
}
}
9.定义视图-首页文件 —— index.jsp
指定路径
<%
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" +
request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() +
request.getContextPath() + "/";
%>
指定 base 标签
<head>
<title>功能入口</title>
<base href="<%=basePath%>" />
</head>
页面内容
<body>
<div align="center">
<p>SSM整合的例子</p>
<img src="images/3.jpg" />
<table>
<tr>
<td><a href="addStudent.jsp">注册学生</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="listStudent.jsp">浏览学生</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
10.定义其他视图文件
注册学生页面 —— addStudent.jsp
需要如上指定路径和base标签,以下是页面内容
<body>
<div align="center">
<form action="student/addStudent.do" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>姓名:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="name"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>邮箱:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="email"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>年龄:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="age"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td><input type="submit" value="注册"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</div>
</body>
浏览学生页面 —— listStudent.jsp
- 页面表格
<body>
<div align="center">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<td>学号</td>
<td>姓名</td>
<td>邮箱</td>
<td>年龄</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody id="info">
</tbody>
</table>
<input type="button" id="btnLoader" value="查询数据">
</div>
</body>
- js 内容(引入 JQuery)
<%
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" +
request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() +
request.getContextPath() + "/";
%>
<html>
<head>
<title>查询学生ajax</title>
<base href="<%=basePath%>" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-3.4.1.js"></script>
- js 发起 ajax
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function () {
//在当前页面dom对象加载后,执行loadStudentDate()
loadStudentDate();
$("#btnLoader").click(function () {
loadStudentDate();
})
})
function loadStudentDate() {
$.ajax({
url:"student/queryStudent.do",
type:"get",
dataType:"json",
success:function (date) {
//清除旧数据
$("#info").html("");
//查询出数据
$.each(date,function (i,n) {
$("#info").append("<tr>")
.append("<td>"+n.id+"<td>")
.append("<td>"+n.name+"<td>")
.append("<td>"+n.email+"<td>")
.append("<td>"+n.age+"<td>")
.append("</tr>")
})
}
})
}
</script>
</head>
注册结果页面— result.jsp
<body>
result.jsp结果页面,注册结果:${tips}
</body>