【关键字】java中transient关键字的用法

 

java中transient关键字的用法其实不用多说，另外需要注意两个问题，这里简单介绍用法及注意事项：

1、实现Serializable后使用transient修改时的字段不能序列化

    实现Serializable接口，使用transient修饰type变量，type字段将不会序列化

//实现Serializable后使用transient修改时的字段不能序列化
public class Car implements Serializable{

	private String name;
	
	private transient String type;

	public Car(String name, String type) {
		this.name = name;
		this.type = type;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getType() {
		return type;
	}

	public void setType(String type) {
		this.type = type;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Car [name=" + name + ", type=" + type + "]";
	}

}

测试用例

public class TransientTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
		Car car = new Car("xxxName","xxxType");
		ObjectOutputStream os = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\1.txt")));
		os.writeObject(car);
		
//		car.setType("aaa");
		ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\1.txt")));
		Car object = (Car)in.readObject();
		
		System.out.println("object:"+object.toString());
		
	}
}

结果，未被序列化的字段，反序列化后为null

2、使用static关键字也不能被序列化

将字段type改为static修饰

private static String type;

运行测试代码，发现type反序列化仍然有值：

static不能被序列化有误？非也，因为反序列化后类中static变量type的值为当前JVM中对应type值，这个值是JVM中的不是反序列化得出的，如下实例说明问题：

public class TransientTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
		Car car = new Car("xxxName","xxxType");
		ObjectOutputStream os = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\1.txt")));
		os.writeObject(car);
		
		//在car序列化后，将type设置为其他值，查看反序列化后的值
		car.setType("aaa");
		ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\1.txt")));
		Car object = (Car)in.readObject();
		
		System.out.println("object:"+object.toString());
		
	}
}

结果如下，type值为设置的aaa，足以说明问题，至于为什么，暂时没有深究：

3、实现Externalizable重载后都能被序列化

public class Car implements Externalizable{
	private String name;
	//实现Serializable后使用transient修改时的字段不能序列化
	//使用static关键字也不能被序列化
	//实现Externalizable重载后都能被序列化
	private static String type;
	
    //实现Externalizable需要有空参构造器
	public Car() {
	}

	public Car(String name, String type) {
		this.name = name;
		this.type = type;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getType() {
		return type;
	}

	public void setType(String type) {
		this.type = type;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Car [name=" + name + ", type=" + type + "]";
	}
	
	@Override
	public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		out.writeObject(name);
		out.writeObject(type);
	}

	@Override
	public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		this.name = (String)in.readObject();
		this.type = (String)in.readObject();
	}

}

测试：

public class TransientTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
		Car car = new Car("xxxName","xxxType");
		ObjectOutputStream os = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\1.txt")));
		os.writeObject(car);
		
		//在car序列化后，将type设置为其他值，查看反序列化后的值
		car.setType("aaa");
		ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\1.txt")));
		Car object = (Car)in.readObject();
		
		System.out.println("object:"+object.toString());
		
	}
}

结果，type依然为最初设置值，不为null也不为aaa：

 

 

 

引用参考：

https://www.jianshu.com/p/056dc2a53773?utm_campaign=maleskine&utm_content=note&utm_medium=reader_share&utm_source=weixin