目录
文件添加到git暂存区后,想将其从暂存区中移出(撤销git add操作)
git安装
1、下载与安装
sudo apt install git
2、配置git账号信息
#设置邮箱
git config --global user.email "xxx@xxmail.com"
#设置用户名
git config --global user.name "yourName"
创建本地仓库
1、创建本地代码库文件夹
mkdir repos
2、创建项目代码本地仓库文件夹
mkdir projCode
3、进入到projCode目录下,创建git本地仓库
git init
4、创建过滤文件.gitignore
.gitignore内容可参考如下:
## Ignore Visual Studio temporary files, build results, and
## files generated by popular Visual Studio add-ons.
*.stackdump
# User-specific files
*.suo
*.user
*.userosscache
*.sln.docstates
# User-specific files (MonoDevelop/Xamarin Studio)
*.userprefs
# Build results
[Dd]ebug/
[Dd]ebugPublic/
[Rr]elease/
[Rr]eleases/
#x64/
#x86/
build/
bld/
[Bb]in/
[Oo]bj/
# Visual Studio 2015 cache/options directory
.vs/
# MSTest test Results
[Tt]est[Rr]esult*/
[Bb]uild[Ll]og.*
# NUNIT
*.VisualState.xml
TestResult.xml
# Build Results of an ATL Project
[Dd]ebugPS/
[Rr]eleasePS/
dlldata.c
# DNX
project.lock.json
artifacts/
*_i.c
*_p.c
*_i.h
*.ilk
*.meta
*.obj
*.pch
*.pdb
*.pgc
*.pgd
*.rsp
*.sbr
*.tlb
*.tli
*.tlh
*.tmp
*.tmp_proj
*.log
*.vspscc
*.vssscc
.builds
*.pidb
*.svclog
*.scc
# Chutzpah Test files
_Chutzpah*
# Visual C++ cache files
ipch/
*.aps
*.ncb
*.opensdf
*.sdf
*.cachefile
# Visual Studio profiler
*.psess
*.vsp
*.vspx
# TFS 2012 Local Workspace
$tf/
# Guidance Automation Toolkit
*.gpState
# ReSharper is a .NET coding add-in
_ReSharper*/
*.[Rr]e[Ss]harper
*.DotSettings.user
# JustCode is a .NET coding add-in
.JustCode
# TeamCity is a build add-in
_TeamCity*
# DotCover is a Code Coverage Tool
*.dotCover
# NCrunch
_NCrunch_*
.*crunch*.local.xml
# MightyMoose
*.mm.*
AutoTest.Net/
# Web workbench (sass)
.sass-cache/
# Installshield output folder
[Ee]xpress/
# DocProject is a documentation generator add-in
DocProject/buildhelp/
DocProject/Help/*.HxT
DocProject/Help/*.HxC
DocProject/Help/*.hhc
DocProject/Help/*.hhk
DocProject/Help/*.hhp
DocProject/Help/Html2
DocProject/Help/html
# Click-Once directory
publish/
# Publish Web Output
*.[Pp]ublish.xml
*.azurePubxml
## TODO: Comment the next line if you want to checkin your
## web deploy settings but do note that will include unencrypted
## passwords
#*.pubxml
*.publishproj
# NuGet Packages
*.nupkg
# The packages folder can be ignored because of Package Restore
**/packages/*
# except build/, which is used as an MSBuild target.
!**/packages/build/
# Uncomment if necessary however generally it will be regenerated when needed
#!**/packages/repositories.config
# Windows Azure Build Output
csx/
*.build.csdef
# Windows Store app package directory
AppPackages/
# Visual Studio cache files
# files ending in .cache can be ignored
*.[Cc]ache
# but keep track of directories ending in .cache
!*.[Cc]ache/
# Others
ClientBin/
[Ss]tyle[Cc]op.*
~$*
*~
*.dbmdl
*.dbproj.schemaview
*.pfx
*.publishsettings
node_modules/
orleans.codegen.cs
# RIA/Silverlight projects
Generated_Code/
# Backup & report files from converting an old project file
# to a newer Visual Studio version. Backup files are not needed,
# because we have git ;-)
_UpgradeReport_Files/
Backup*/
UpgradeLog*.XML
UpgradeLog*.htm
# SQL Server files
*.mdf
*.ldf
# Business Intelligence projects
*.rdl.data
*.bim.layout
*.bim_*.settings
# Microsoft Fakes
FakesAssemblies/
# Node.js Tools for Visual Studio
.ntvs_analysis.dat
# Visual Studio 6 build log
*.plg
# Visual Studio 6 workspace options file
*.opt
# LightSwitch generated files
GeneratedArtifacts/
_Pvt_Extensions/
ModelManifest.xml
docs/
data/
src/Config.ini
#*.db
*.opendb
#*.ini
Makefile.Debug
Makefile.Release
Makefile
build_log.txt
5、添加.gitignore到git暂存区
git add .gitignore
6、提交.gitignore
git commit -m "上传过滤文件.gitignore"
7、将项目代码移动到projCode目录下
命令:mv 原目录 新目录
#文件结构如下:
$ tree ./repos -a -L 2
./repos
└── projCode
├── testProject
├── .git
└── .gitignore
3 directories, 1 file
8、将项目代码添加git暂存区
git add .
9、提交项目代码到仓库中
git commit -m "提交项目代码"
git本地仓库操作常用命令
-
查看哪些文件做了修改(与版本做对比)
git status
-
查看变更摘要
#显示未添加到暂存区的变更摘要
git diff --stat
#显示已添加到暂存区的变更摘要
git diff --cached --stat
-
查看某文件变更内容
#查看未添加到暂存区的变更
git diff <文件名>
#查看已添加到暂存区的变更
git diff --cached <文件名>
#查看与上个版本的差异(无论是否添加到暂存区)
git diff <分支名> <文件名>
-
回退某文件的所有变更
git checkout <文件>
#例如:
git checkout -- build-test.sh
#注意:对于已经添加到暂存区的文件,需要先移出暂存区后再进行checkout回退
-
将文件添加到git暂存区
git add <文件或文件夹>
#例如:git add build-test.sh
-
文件添加到git暂存区后,想将其从暂存区中移出(撤销git add操作)
git reset <分支名> <文件名>
#例如: git reset HEAD build-test.sh
-
提交到版本库
git commit <文件名或为空> -m "提交描述信息"
#例如:
git commit build-test.sh -m "提交build-test.sh,无需git add也能提交"
git commit -m "提交暂存区的所有文件"
git commit -a -m "提交所有变更文件"
-
取消某文件的版本追踪
git rm --cached <文件或文件夹>
#例如:
git rm -r --cached "Makefile"
git rm -r --cached "_qt-Debug/"
#注意:最后执行git commit此操作
-
查看仓库的提交日志
git log
-
查看某项提交详情
git show <提交节点ID>
#例如: git show 56a43568985db6b6d813c64d3p184e7cfb41fofb
-
查看某文件的提交日志
git log -p <文件>
Qt Creator中使用git
1、启用git插件
2、使用git插件操作本地仓库(支持git部分功能)
- 支持版本差异对比
- 支持日志查询
- 支持提交操作